关键词: 岩体多源声学设备, 安全生产管理, 地压灾害监测, 多源声学参数, 变“噪”为“用”

Abstract: With the increase of mining depth,underground mining conditions tend to be complicated,and it is easy to form ground pressure problems such as roof falling,caving,and caving in the mining process. The internal fracture signal of rock material and multi-source external disturbance are monitored by acoustic equipment for nondestructive testing of the dynamic failure behavior of rock material. Compared with other monitoring equipment,it has the characteristics of a wide frequency band,high locating accuracy of the focal source,accurate identification of danger area,and multi-index joint warning of instability disaster. Particularly,a large number of noise signals such as blasting and drilling are used for wave velocity field imaging after positioning and identification by changing " waste noise" to " useful signal" . This technology breaks through the technical defects of the traditional monitoring methods of " point" and " line" ,and realizes the transformation to " field" and " volume" monitoring and recognition. On the basis of analyzing the propagation principle of internal fracture signals of rock materials and acoustic signals of multi-source external disturbance,a multi-source acoustic acoustics sensing acquisition system is developed independently by the research group,and it is applied to the Zhen′ao Pb-Zn Mine in Shaanxi Province and the No. 2 mining area of Jinchuan Group. The stability of the goaf roof and filling body roof is monitored and analyzed by microseismic tomography and multi-source acoustic parameters in real-time. In conclusion,some advice for the identification and warning of underground pressure and roof instability disasters is constructed by these cases. The study results show that the abnormal position of wave velocity field and rock mass multi-source acoustic parameters can be intuitively and effectively found in the monitoring area,and the health condition of the roof in the mining process can be reflected in real-time,which plays a vital role in disaster monitoring and prevention and control. It is worth noting that,even if the monitoring results temporarily show that the roof is relatively stable, there may be events with large energy and seismic magnitude due to the influence of the mining process,subsidence and delamination of the backfill body,etc. Therefore,it is necessary to combine the actual site situation, mining plan,and the changing trend of multi-source acoustic parameters of rock mass,and check relevant hidden dangers on site. Combined with centralized leadership organization and overall arrangement and management,the multi-source acoustic intelligent monitoring and early warning level of mine disasters have been improved.

Key words: rock multi-source acoustics sensing acquisition equipment,safety production management,ground pressure disaster monitoring,multi-source acoustic parameters," waste noise" to " useful signal"