电动矿用卡车的技术进展与应用现状

金属矿山 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (6): 144-152.

电动矿用卡车的技术进展与应用现状

段文权　陈　冲　马俊生　赵辉军　郭其林　国仕磊　王　斌

北方矿业有限责任公司,北京 100035

出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-07-09
通讯作者: 陈　冲(1989—),男,工程师,博士。
作者简介:段文权(1982—),男,正高级工程师,硕士。
基金资助:
中国兵器工业集团有限公司民用产业发展项目(编号:JM2022026)。

Technical Progress and Application Status of Battery-Electric Mining Trucks

DUAN Wenquan　 CHEN Chong　 MA Junsheng　 ZHAO Huijun　 GUO Qilin　 GUO Shilei　 WANG Bin

Northern Mining Co. ,Ltd. ,Beijing 100035,China

Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-07-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在全球能源转型和矿业追求低碳发展的背景下,探究电动矿用卡车的发展态势,为其在矿业领域的绿色可持续发展提供策略。通过梳理电动矿卡的全球及区域市场现状,分析不同地区的市场差异与政策驱动;探究电池、充电、自动驾驶等核心技术,分析现有技术的进展、局限及新型技术的发展潜力,同时探讨充电基础设施面临的挑战与发展趋势;通过列举紫金山铜金矿、Boliden 矿山等多个露天和地下矿山的应用实例,总结其技术特点与运营效益。结果表明:电动矿卡相较于传统柴油矿卡,运营成本可降低 50% ~ 60%,碳排放减少 25%以上,且有效改善了作业环境,是矿业绿色转型的关键技术路径;对于矿山企业,应优先在短途重载、往返频率高的场景部署电动矿卡,并积极探索“车电分离”等创新作业模式。尽管当前在电池续航、充电设施、初始投资等方面存在挑战,但随着技术进步、产业生态完善和政策支持,这些问题将逐步解决。未来,电动矿卡有望在全球广泛应用,推动矿业向智能化、无人化、绿色化转型升级,为全球矿业可持续发展贡献关键力量。

关键词: 电动矿卡　, 充电与换电技术　, 碳中和　 , 绿色矿山

Abstract: Under the background of global energy transformation and the pursuit of low-carbon development in mining industry,this paper explores the development trend of battery-electric mining trucks and provides strategies for their green and sustainable development in mining industry. By combing the global and regional market status of battery-electric mining truck, the market differences and policy drivers in different regions are analyzed. Explore core technologies such as batteries,charging,and autonomous driving,analyze the progress and limitations of existing technologies and the development potential of new technologies,and discuss the challenges and development trends of charging infrastructure. By listing the application examples of Zijinshan copper-gold mine,Boliden mine and other open-pit and underground mines,the technical characteristics and operational benefits are summarized. The results show that compared with the traditional diesel mining truck,the battery-electric mining truck can reduce the operating cost by 50% to 60%,reduce carbon emissions by more than 25%,and effectively improve the operating environment,which is the key technical path for the green transformation of mining industry. For mining enterprises,they should give priority to the deployment of battery-electric mining truck in scenarios with short-distance heavy load and high round-trip frequency,and actively explore innovative operation modes such as ′vehicle-electricity separation′. Although there are challenges in battery life,charging facilities and initial investment,these problems will be gradually solved with technological progress,industrial ecology improvement and policy support. In the future,battery-electric mining truck is expected to be widely used in the world,promote the transformation and upgrading of mining industry to intelligent,unmanned and green, and contribute to the sustainable development of global mining industry.

Key words: battery-electric mining truck,charging and battery-swapping technology,carbon neutrality,green mining

中图分类号:

TD57

段文权　陈　冲　马俊生　赵辉军　郭其林　国仕磊　王　斌. 电动矿用卡车的技术进展与应用现状[J]. 金属矿山, 2025, 54(6): 144-152.

DUAN Wenquan　 CHEN Chong　 MA Junsheng　 ZHAO Huijun　 GUO Qilin　 GUO Shilei　 WANG Bin. Technical Progress and Application Status of Battery-Electric Mining Trucks [J]. Metal Mine, 2025, 54(6): 144-152.

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