关键词: 矿山溜井　 冲击风流　 诱导粉尘　 协同控制　 降尘技术

Abstract: Dust diffusion induced by high-speed impact airflow during chute unloading is one of the main threats to environmental pollution and occupational health in underground operation of metal mines. The formation mechanism of the impact airflow of chute unloading and its synergistic movement law with dust are systematically sorted out. The principles and applicability of six mainstream dust control technologies,including closed dust control,pressure relief well partial pressure,spray dust reduction,ventilation dust removal,foam dust reduction and dust collector dust removal,are summarized. The research shows that although the existing technology can effec-tively alleviate dust pollution,due to the limitation of chute structure,some dust reduction methods are difficult to apply,and there are bottleneck problems such as limited air flow control measures,low nozzle reliability,high energy consumption of dust collector,frequent equipment maintenance and insufficient coordinated control of air flow and dust. In particular,there is a lack of systematic research on the mechanism of airflow-dust coupling. In view of the current bottleneck problems,the future research directions are put forward,such as deepening the theoretical and experimental research of multi-factor coupling,optimizing the section size of chute and the angle and length of branch chute,developing efficient airflow control technology,developing dust reduction technology and equipment in line with the characteristics of ore dust unloading in chute,and constructing a multi-coordinated control system of " airflow unloading-closed isolation-dust purification" . Through the above research and practice,it is expected to further improve the level of chute dust control and create a healthier and safer working environment for mine workers. 

Key words: mine chute,impact airflow,induced dust,cooperative control,dust removal technology