关键词: 粉尘　抑尘剂　抑尘机理　环保　发展趋势

Abstract: Chemical dust suppressants have developed rapidly and been widely applied due to their characteristics of high efficiency,durability and strong adaptability.Based on the analysis of the dust suppression mechanism of chemical dust sup pressants,and based on the achievements of the industry in the past 10 years and the relevant research accumulation of the re search group,the research and application progress of traditional,compound and new dust suppressants were sorted out and re viewed respectively from the aspects of technical characteristics,application progress and application prospects.Research shows that:① Traditional dust suppressants have formed a relatively mature technical system through mechanism optimization in sce narios such as mines and roads,but they have shortcomings such as environmental risks and insufficient scene adaptability; ② The compound dust suppressant significantly enhances the comprehensive dust suppression performance and adaptability to complex scenarios through the synergy of multiple mechanisms.③ The new type of dust suppressant breaks through the limita tions of traditional technologies.While enhancing the efficiency of dust suppression,it also possesses ecological restoration functions and adaptability to some extreme environments,promoting the expansion of dust control towards multi-functional inte gration and diversified scenarios.On this basis,from the perspectives of technological research and development,economic ap plicability and industry standardization,it is believed that the current chemical dust suppressants still face core bottlenecks such as insufficient coordinated optimization of "performance-cost-environmental protection",lack of extreme environment ad aptation technologies,and fragmentation of the standardized evaluation system.It is believed that the future research and devel opment and application of dust suppressants should aim at the coordinated development of "efficient dust suppression-economic feasibility-environmental friendliness-unified standards",committed to innovation in eco-friendly materials and achieving over all performance optimization,develop AI-enabled extreme environment adaptation technologies,and establish a standardized system covering the entire life cycle of research and development,evaluation and application,promoting the leap of dust control technology from single performance optimization to systematic solutions.

Key words: dust,dust suppressant,dust suppression mechanism,environmental protection,development trend