重载铁路隧道泄压整流装置结构形式设计方案优选

金属矿山 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (12): 183-193.

重载铁路隧道泄压整流装置结构形式设计方案优选

王慧军¹　杨　锟²　王　昊³　撒占友³　陶金旭³　胡珂宁³

1.中国神华能源股份有限公司神朔铁路分公司,陕西榆林 719316:2.国能包神铁路集团有限责任公司,内蒙古包头 014010; 3.青岛理工大学机械与汽车工程学院,山东青岛 266520

出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2025-12-31
通讯作者: 撒占友(1969—),男,教授
作者简介:王慧军(1985—),男,助理工程师。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52404222);山东省自然科学基金项目(编号:ZR2020QE124);神朔铁路重大研发项目(编号:神朔生产合〔2022〕89号)。

Design Scheme Optimization of Pressure Relief Rectifier Device Structure in Heavy Haul Railway Tunnel

WANG Huijun¹　YANG Kun²　WANG Hao³　SA Zhanyou³　TAO Jinxu³　HU Kening³

1.Shenshuo Railway Branch,China Shenhua Energy Company Limited,Yulin 719316,China; 2.Guoneng Baoshen Railway Group Co.,Ltd.,Baotou 014010,China; 3.School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Qingdao University of Technology,Qingdao 266520,China

Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-12-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对重载铁路隧道因“活塞风”效应引发的矿尘污染与资源浪费问题,以梁家山隧道为研究对象,通过数值模拟与试验验证相结合的方法,系统探究了4种泄压整流装置(渐缩—等环型、等环—渐缩—等环型、渐缩—斜切—等环型、等环—斜切型)的结构形式及关键参数(渐缩段最大/最小断面面积比r、渐缩角β)对隧道入口流场的调控机制。结果表明:渐缩—等环型装置通过渐缩段收缩流道,降低隧道入口处的压力梯度,缓冲风压突变,结合等环段稳定环隙流流态抑制涡流生成,其综合性能优于多段组合或单一斜切结构的装置。当r≤1.4时,随r值增大,风压峰值随之降低;当r>1.4时,压力梯度有所回升。随β值增大,渐缩段侧壁对气流的引导作用增强,压力梯度沿程释放更充分,避免了压力在隧道入口处的集中积累。基于梁家山隧道现场实际,优选r=1.4,β=20°为泄压整流装置最优结构形式。工程验证显示,最优结构形式装置的应用可使隧道内最大风压降低60~100 Pa,矿尘浓度降幅达70%~90%, 能够实现对“活塞风”效应的有效控制,为同类工程提供了参数设计依据。

关键词: 重载铁路隧道　泄压整流装置　结构形式　数值模拟　流场

Abstract: In response to the problems of mineral dust pollution and resource waste caused by the "piston wind" effect in heavy-haul railway tunnels,taking Liangjiashan Tunnel as the research object,the regulatory mechanism of the structural forms and key parameters (maximum/minimum cross-sectional area ratio r of the tapered section,taper angle β) of four pressure re lief and flow rectification devices (tapered-equal annular type,equal annular-tapered-equal annular type,tapered-beveled-equal annular type,equal annular-beveled type) on the tunnel entrance flow field was systematically explored through a combination of numerical simulation and experimental verification.The results show that the tapered-equal annular device reduces the pres sure gradient at the tunnel entrance and buffers the sudden change of wind pressure by contracting the flow channel in the ta pered section,and suppresses the generation of eddies by stabilizing the annular gap flow pattern in the equal annular section. Its comprehensive performance is better than that of multi-section combined or single beveled structure devices.When r≤1.4, the peak wind pressure decreases with the increase of r;when r>1.4,the pressure gradient rebounds.With the increase of β, the guiding effect of the side wall of the tapered section on the air flow is enhanced,and the pressure gradient is released more fully along the process,avoiding the concentrated accumulation of pressure at the tunnel entrance.Based on the field reality of Liangjiashan Tunnel,r=1.4 and β=20° are optimized as the optimal structural forms of the pressure relief and flow rectifica tion device.Engineering verification shows that the application of the device with the optimal structural form can reduce the maximum wind pressure in the tunnel by 60~100 Pa and the mineral dust concentration by 70%~90%,which can effectively control the "piston wind" effect and provide a parameter design basis for similar projects.

Key words: heavy-haul railway tunnels,pressure relief and flow rectification device,structural form,numerical simula tion,flow field

中图分类号:

TD711

王慧军　杨　锟　王　昊　撒占友　陶金旭　胡珂宁. 重载铁路隧道泄压整流装置结构形式设计方案优选[J]. 金属矿山, 2025, 54(12): 183-193.

WANG Huijun　YANG Kun　WANG Hao　SA Zhanyou　TAO Jinxu　HU Kening. Design Scheme Optimization of Pressure Relief Rectifier Device Structure in Heavy Haul Railway Tunnel[J]. Metal Mine, 2025, 54(12): 183-193.

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