Abstract: Our country is rich in coal resources. While the mining of coal resources plays a supporting role in local social and economic development,it also has a major impact on the ecological environment around the mining area. In recent years, due to the depletion of some coal mine resources and the promulgation of the national overcapacity reduction policy,a large number of coal mines have been closed. Existing research focuses more on the changes in the ecological environment during the mining process,and seldom involves research on the changes in the ecological environment after mine closures. For this reason, this paper takes the Jiawang closed mining area in Xuzhou as the study object,selects Landsat 5 and 8 images from 2009 to 2021,and uses the Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI) method to dynamically monitor the temporal and spatial evolution of the ecological environment in the Jiawang mining area before and after the closure. The study results show that the overall ecological quality of the mining area is on the rise after the mine is closed. The RSEI value of Quantai Mine will increase from 0. 432 in 2009 to 0. 568 in 2021,and the RSEI value of Qishan Mine will increase from 0. 490 to 0. 546. The proportion of areas with poor and poor ecological grades in the Jiawang mining area is decreasing,from 41. 51% in 2009 to 29. 06% in 2021; while the proportion of areas with good and excellent ecological grades is increasing,from 36. 4% in 2009 to 47. 36% in 2021. In addition,areas with a low ecological index are not stable,and the center of gravity migration more obviously,while areas with a higher ecological index are relatively stable and concentrated. The visual comparison of the ecological results with the highresolution images shows that it is reliable to use the Landsat remote sensing image with 30 m resolution to evaluate the RSEI index of Jiawang mining area.