Abstract: Cemented backfill is a key load-bearing structure in backfill mining,playing an important role in supporting surrounding rock,controlling ground pressure,and ensuring stope stability.Its damage evolution behavior and constitutive mod els are directly related to the reliability of stability evaluation and structural design of deep stopes.With the increase in mining depth,cemented backfill is subjected to complex environments involving high in-situ stress,high temperature,seepage erosion, and blasting disturbance,and traditional evaluation methods based mainly on strength parameters can no longer meet engineer ing requirements.Based on the needs of safe and efficient deep metal mining and green backfill development,this paper sys tematically reviews the research progress on damage evolution and constitutive models of cemented backfill,focusing on damage characterization,damage evolution,and constitutive modeling.First,the definition methods of damage variables,including elas tic modulus degradation,statistical distribution theory,energy dissipation,acoustic emission parameters,and physical detection methods,are summarized.Then,the damage evolution laws under static loading are discussed from the perspectives of uniaxial compression,conventional triaxial compression,true triaxial compression,and special service environments involving tempera ture,seepage,and chemical corrosion,and the dynamic damage accumulation characteristics are analyzed in terms of strain rate effect,coupled static-dynamic loading,and cyclic impact.On this basis,the research status of static damage constitutive mod els,creep constitutive models,dynamic damage constitutive models,and backfill-rock composite constitutive models is re viewed.The results show that:① Damage variables of cemented backfill have gradually evolved from single macroscopic me chanical parameter characterization to multi-source damage characterization,but the quantitative relationships among different indicators still need to be improved;② Under static loading,the damage evolution of cemented backfill is jointly affected by stress path,material proportion,and service environment,showing obvious stage characteristics and path dependence;③ Under dynamic loading,the damage of cemented backfill is mainly manifested as strain rate effect,coupled static-dynamic response, and cyclic impact accumulation,but a gap remains between laboratory tests and field disturbance conditions;④ Existing consti tutive models can describe various mechanical behaviors,but the physical meaning of model parameters,applicability bounda ries,and engineering generalization still need to be strengthened.During the 15th Five-Year Plan period and beyond,future re search should focus on:① Establishing a quantitative correlation among multi-source damage indicators and a multi-scale dam age variable characterization framework;② Deepening the understanding of thermal-hydraulic-mechanical-chemical coupling damage mechanisms and developing generalized multi-field coupled constitutive models;③ Developing true triaxial coupled static-dynamic loading and cyclic impact test methods and establishing quantitative correspondences between laboratory test conditions and field disturbance conditions;④ Building a predictable parameter calibration framework for constitutive models to enhance the physical interpretability and engineering applicability of model parameters;⑤ Promoting the development of intel ligent damage identification and stability early warning technologies that integrate data-driven approaches with physical mecha nisms.

Key words: backfill mining,cemented backfill,damage evolution,damage variable,constitutive model,deep mining