Table of Content

15 January 2009, Volume 39 Issue 1

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Development Features and Prospects of China's Iron Mineral Processing

SONG Ren-Feng, LI Wei-Bing, LIU Hua-Yan

2009, 39(1):  1-8+29. 

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The paper presents the application of iron mineral processing technology in China from the aspects of technical processes, equipment and flotation techniques, analyzes their characteristics and existing deficiencies, and puts forward some suggestions on enhancing the progress of China's mineral processing technology for iron ores in the future.

Status Quo of Utilization Technology for Extremely Lean Iron Ore Resources and Its Development Trends

SUN Bing-Quan

2009, 39(1):  9-11+84. 

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This article mainly introduces the status quo and development trend of utilization technology for extremely poor magnetite resources, and presents the research trends and suggestion on the comprehensive utilization technology for extremely poor iron ore resources in view of the features of this kind of ores and some problems existed.

Status Quo and Analysis of China's Iron Ore Import in Recent Years

LIU Dong

2009, 39(1):  12-15+77. 

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With the continuous growth of China's iron & steel output, the demand on iron ore has kept a continuous increase.China's iron ore output, though on a great increase, can't satisfy the increasing demand due to its iron and steel output growth, leading to a continuous increase of its imported iron ore quantity.China has become the world largest iron ore importing country, with the price of imported iron ore on continuous rise.The issue of iron ore resource will become a strategical one restricting the development of China's iron & steel industry.The paper elaborates and analyzes the demand, source country, variety, quality, price and recent conditions of iron ore import.It is suggested that China should enhance the geological exploration, take advantage of the present high price of iron ore to conduct the assessment of many low grade refractory iron ore  resources in China, put more investment on the beneficiation research so as to make these resources exploitable and utilizable, thus enlarging China's utilizable resources to provide a resource backup for China's iron & steel industrial development.

Analysis and Countermeasure Study of the Supply Pattern of China's Dominant Metallic Mineral Products of Rare earths, Tungsten and Tin

YE Hui, CHEN Ren-Yi, ZHANG Hong-Tao

2009, 39(1):  16-20+65. 

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Metallic mineral products of rare earths, tungsten and tin are of important strategic value.China's import quantity of rare earths, tungsten and tin accounts for a world market share that is sufficient to control or influence the international market.However, this resource superiority hasn't been effectively utilized due to excess refining capacity, redundant capacity construction, inferior export management, product dumping and resource waste.This research examines on a global basis the rare earths, tungsten and tin ore reserve and output distribution pattern and price movement, and  also China's import & export conditions, analyzes the existing problems and puts forwards the suggestions such as strengthening the management and improving the exploitation and export benefits of our dominant mineral products.

Similarity Simulation of Bedded Composite Rock

YU Yong-Qiang, HU Ming-Yan, YANG Xiao-Lin, LIANG Wei-Min

2009, 39(1):  21-24+91. 

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Bedded composite rock mass is a commonly-seen rock structure in engineering.Materials with structure and failure mode similar to the rock were used to make a model for simulation study.The stress-strain curve and failure mode of the resemble model of bedded composite rock were studied through uniaxial compression experiments.The results well verified the conclusion of theoretical analysis.

Application of GSI in Evaluating the Mechanical Parameters of Jointed Rock Mass

HAN Xian-Min, LI Xiao, SUN Xi-Shu

2009, 39(1):  25-29. 

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The determination of the mechanical parameters of jointed rock mass is a difficult and key issue in rock mass engineering stability evaluation and numerical calculation.The geological strength index (GSI) is just a classification system for solving this issue.The paper introduces systematically the GSI rock mass classification system and the determination of GSI, and evaluates the rock mechanical parameters of the horizontal Pillars in No.2 Mine Section of Jinchuan by also adopting the principles and key techniques of E.Hoek method for determining rock mechanical parameters.The real case study shows that this simple and practical method can accurately reflect the mechanical properties of jointed rock mass and is worth popularization.

Study on the Prediction Parameters of Ground Residual Subsidence above Mine Goaf

FAN Hong-Dong, ZHANG Hong-Zhen, DENG Ka-Zhong

2009, 39(1):  30-32. 

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In predicting the residual residence of mine goaf, the selection of probability integral parameters is of great importance.There is no rule to follow and all will be made according to your experience.To solve this issue, the paper proposes a simple prediction model for selecting the parameters of probability integration, summarizing the parameter selection law and giving a prediction formula.Based on the practically measured data of a mining area, prediction parameters were selected according to the said method.Prediction was then made for the residence subsidence of another mining area.The comparison of the predicted result with the practically measured data shows a good conformity, illustrating that this method is universally applicable and valid in certain scope.

Numerical Simulation of the Cracking and Evolution Processes of Wall Rock of Deep Roadways in High Stress Area

ZHANG Xiao-Jun, JING Hong-Wen, ZHENG Huai-Chang

2009, 39(1):  33-36+111. 

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Failure processes of deep roadways under different confining pressures are numerically studied by using a rock failure process analysis code（RFPA）.The whole process of progressive failure leading to collapse is numerically demonstrated.The results of numerical simulation are analyzed and the failure modes of deep roadways discussed.The results of numerical simulation indicate that failure processes of deep roadways in high stress area varies greatly under different confining pressures, and the relationship between vertical and horizontal pressures determines the main trend and main area of the failure of the wall rock of high stress roadway, which should be especially reinforced；and the wall corner and arch bottom are the major failure sites and should be given top consideration.Failure processes of deep roadways will exhibit a slow transformation in a long phase at first and then enter into a transitorily accelerated failure process and macroscopic failure phase.Therefore，it is of important reference and realistic significance to investigating the failure process of roadway and to the mining site.

Stability Analysis of Strengthened Jointed Rock Slope Based on Strength Reduction Method

ZHOU Tai-Quan, HUA Yuan, SU Shu-Bo

2009, 39(1):  37-40. 

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In case of rocky slope, the strength reduction coefficient method adopts reduced geomaterial parameters in the slope excavation calculation.The initial ground stress calculation is different from that for slope initial state and the calculation process is not in conformity with the definition of strength safety factor.An improved strength reduction coefficient method is proposed, which takes a full consideration of the impact of the initial ground stress of rocky slope, making the safety factor obtained more conforming to the reality.In the stability analysis for the jointed rocky slope of Jiujiapeng Bridge in Sichuan, the improved strength reduction coefficient method is used.The proposed method is used to analyze the stability of the bolting support of the rocky slope at the side of Lixian of Jiujiapeng Bridge.The analysis result indicates that the bolting-strengthened jointed slope has a small plastic area and a safety factor of 1.2, and the rocky slope under the support is in a stable state.

Application of Numerical Simulation and Limit Equilibrium Method in Optimizing Complex Slope Design

TAN Wen-Hui, ZHOU Ru-Di

2009, 39(1):  41-44. 

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For open mines, the ultimate slope angle will have a great impact on the slope stability, mine production safety and economic efficiency.In light of the requirement of the second expansion phase of an open mine, large non-linear solid-fluid coupling FLAC numerical simulation method was used to analyze several designs of a slope in terms of the indicators such as stress field, destruction field, displacement of monitoring and velocity of displacement, and the conventional limit equilibrium method was used to calculate the factors of safety of the recommended designs for the slope.As a result of comprehensive consideration, an optimal design was made.It is concluded that a combined use of numerical simulation and limit equilibrium methods is a rational and efficient way to get an optimized design of mine slope that is safe, economic and practical.

Retrospect and Prospect of the Development of Mining Technology of Dounan Manganese Mine

GUO Jin-Feng

2009, 39(1):  45-48+144. 

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The paper describes the mining technology development course of Dounan Manganese Co., Ltd in Wenshan, Yunnan, which consists of three stages: primary start, standardized development and sustained improvement; reviews the early and current mining technology of Baigu mine district and Gake mine district respectively; and proposes the future development direction of mining technology of Dounan Manganese.

Research on the Exploitation and Utilization of Low Grade Bauxit in an Ore District

XIAO Yue-Min

2009, 39(1):  49-52. 

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The Al/Si ratio of a stacked bauxite in an ore district varies greatly while the Bayer process for alumina strictely requires that the bauxite must have a Al/Si ratio greater than 7.Therefore, the mine is currently mining only the high grade bauxite.It is extremely urgent for the mine to rationally exploit and utilize its low grade bauxite resourece.In this research, a technical and economical assessment was made for this low grade bauxite resource from the aspects of external construction conditions, constructon plan, extraction process and bauxite supply and blending plan.It is concluded that the low grade bauxite can be rationally utilized by a comined blending method, which will not only effectively utilize the limited mineral resource and prolong the mine service life but will also bring remarkable social and economical benefits.It will perfect a full exploitation and utilization of karst stacked type bauxite and will be of popularization value for similar mines.

Non-technical Risks and Their Control in International Mining Investment Project

GAO Bing, JIA Qi-Hai, CUI Bin

2009, 39(1):  53-54+68. 

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Non-technical risks in international mining investment projects such as government risk, safety risk, social risk, infrastructural risk and health risk are discussed.Based on the identification of these risks, it is proposed that we should select proper risk-control strategic combinations and differentiate between national risks and project risks.Mining companies should take measures to reduce the probability of these risks, enhance the relation of relevant interested parties and increase the investment on social responsibility so as to reduce non-technical risks.

Test Research on the Reverse Flotation with QAX224  Collector for Separating Kaolinite from Diaspore

CHENG Ping-Ping, ZHONG Hong, YU Xin-Yang, GUAN Feng

2009, 39(1):  55-58+73. 

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The effect and mechanism of quaternary ammonium slat collector and starch depressor in the separation of diaspore from kaolinite by reverse flotation was investigated by flotation test, electrokinetic potential and infrared spectrum.The test showed that，at pH=8～9，with the dosage increase of depressor, nearly all diaspore could be depressed while kaolinite was slightly activated.The A/S of the artificial mixture of diaspore and kaolinite could be increased to 30.79 by the reverse flotation test.The analysis of the mechanism shows that, there is also a chemical bonding in addition to physical action between the collector and depressor and kaolinite, and there is mainly static adsorption between and quaternary ammonium and chemical adsorption between diaspore and starch.

Beneficiation Test on Micro-fine Magnetite Ores of Jiajiapuzi Iron Ore

ZHANG Yan-Jiao, LIU Guang-Xue, ZHAO Ping, SHAO Wei-Hua, CHANG Xue-Yong

2009, 39(1):  59-61+153. 

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In light of the properties of the run-of-mine ore from JiaJiabaozi 7# ore body, various processes were used for this ore, including the process of staged grinding-low intensity magnetic separation-magnetic field-screening, the process of staged grinding-low intensity magnetic separation of total ore and the process of staged grinding-low intensity magnetic separation -anionic reverse flotation.The best result was achieved by the process of staged grinding-low intensity magnetic separation-magnetic field-screening, which obtained an iron concentrate grading 67.19% at a recovery of 84.84%.

Study on the Dispersion Character of Fine Oolitic Hematite Ore Particles

YU Yang, NIU Fu-Sheng, LI Feng-Jiu, WU Gen

2009, 39(1):  62-65. 

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Very fine oolitic hematite ore (smaller than 20 μm) is extremely apt to slime and be covered with slime.Conventional processes such as gravity separation, magnetic separation and flotation are hard to achieve satisfactory results when used to treat such ore, leading to a great loss of valuable minerals due to insufficient recovery of microfine iron minerals.A plenty of research work has indicated that selective flocculation is an efficient process for treating microfine hematite ore.A good dispersion of microfine ore particles is a necessity for selective flocculation while an over-dispersion will damage the selective flocculation.Meanwhile, water quality, pH, agitation time, shearing rate and dispersant dosage will all have effects on selective flocculation.This study is dedicated to the chemical dispersion of microfine oolitic hematite so as to provide a basis for the further study on selective flocculation.

Beneficiation Research on a Mongolian Refractory Iron Ore

ZENG Ke-Wen, ZHENG Gui-Bing, ZHANG Yun-Hai, REN Ai-Jun, LIU Shui-Hong, TIAN Yi-Lan

2009, 39(1):  66-68. 

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The process of roasting-magnetic separation was used to treat a Mongolian refractory iron ore.The ore was roasted for 20 min at a temperature of 800 ℃, ground to 68%-0.074 mm and treated by magnetic separation at a magnetic field intensity of 96 kA/m.As a result, an iron concentrate grading 65.03% at a recovery of 90.49% was obtained.It provides a practical method for a wide application of hematite and siderite ores.

Test Research on the Beneficiation of Hematite Ore from Sijiaying, Luanxian County

HE De-Qing, NIU Fu-Sheng

2009, 39(1):  69-73. 

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Beneficiation test was carried out on the lean hematite ore from Sijingying, Luanxian County.A process consisting of staged grinding, low intensity magnetic separation-high intensity magnetic separation-anionic reverse flotation was adopted to treat this ore and obtained an iron concentrate grading 65.80% with a yield of 22.97% and a recovery of 69.10%, and a final tailing grading 8.81%.

Test on Using HD 202 as Collector in the Positive Flotation in  Acidic Medium for Anshan Type Lean Hematite Ore

XU Hong-Gang, LIU Gui-Yun

2009, 39(1):  74-77. 

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The paper analyzes the existing problems in Diaojuntai Concentrator of Qidashan Iron Mine, elaborates the significance of the research on the positive flotation in acidic medium, and discusses and summarizes the process and results of using HD 202 collector in the positive flotation in acidic medium for Anshan type lean hematite ore.

Position of Yunnan Dounan Manganese Mine in China's Iron Alloy Industry

CAO Zhi-Liang

2009, 39(1):  78-80+88. 

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The beneficiation process of high intensity magnetic separation for -30 mm run-of-mine ore and the ferromanganese alloy production technology of Dounan Manganese Mine are presented.The production practice shows that, from a run-of-mine ore grading 17.50%, a manganese concentrate which have a grade of 28.00% and recovery of 88.00% can be obtained.The advanced technologies such as duplex shaking ladle process for medium carbon ferromanganese and composite pellet technique are adopted.The technical indexes of its high carbon ferromanganese, manganese-silicon alloy and medium carbon ferromanganese products all have reached a high level, establishing the position of Doudan Manganese Mine in China's iron alloy industry.

Research on the Beneficiation of a Refractory Zinc Oxide Ore from Puer, Yunnan

LI Yu-Qiong, CHEN Jian-Hua, MU Xiao, WEI Zong-Wu

2009, 39(1):  81-84. 

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As the zinc oxide ore from Puer, Yunnan, contains both slime and zinc-calcite, different beneficiation methods are used to recover the zinc oxide from the run-of-mine ore, including direct flotation, flotation after tabling, and flotation after de-sliming before or after grinding.The test results show that for the zinc oxide ore containing a large amount of slime, direct flotation is hard to achieve good effect; flotation after tabling can lead to a high zinc loss as the tabling recovery is only 50%, leading to a total zinc recovery of only 40.50%; flotation after de-sliming after grinding can obtain a 18.70% increase in zinc recovery compared with gravity separation; and the process of flotation after de-sliming prior to grinding can achieve a 9.46% and 8.30% increase in zinc grade and recovery respectively compared with the process involving a de-sliming after grinding.Now, the new process of flotation after a de-sliming prior to grinding has achieved successful application in industrial production and achieved stable performances, with the zinc concentrate grading 37.21% at a zinc recovery of 64.97%.

Experimental Research on the Beneficiation of Mo-Bi-W Polymetallic Ore from JiangXi

ZHANG Fa-Ming, LIN Ri-Xiao, ZENG Qing-Jun, ZHANG Xian-Hua

2009, 39(1):  85-88. 

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In light of the properties of the run-of-mine ore, a beneficiation process of molybdenite and bismuthinite bulk flotation- molybdenite and bismuthinite separation-wolframite recovery from tailings was tested.As a result, from a feed containing Mo 0.24%, Bi 0.10% and WO₃ 0.052%, the following products were obtained, including a molybdenite concentrate grading 52.43%Mo at a recovery of 92.15%, a bismuthinite concentrate grading 37.09% Bi at a recovery of 75.60%, and sub-bismuthinite concentrate grading 1.85%Bi at a recovery of 12.16%, with a total Bi recovery of 87.76%; and a wolframite concentrate grading 65.24%WO₃ at a recovery of 58.22%, achieving a good recovery of Mo, Bi and WO₃.

Experimental Research on the Flotation of a Fluorite Ore from Guizhou

XIE Chun-Mei, LIU Zhi-Hong, CHANG Hao, NIE Guang-Hua

2009, 39(1):  89-91. 

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According to the run-of-mine ore properties and the requirements on the fluorite concentrate quality of a fluorite ore from Guizhou, the flotation process conditions were investigated by a flotation process consisting one roughing, one scavenging and three cleanings, where the fluorite and barite were first recovered by bulk flotation and then separated.The dosage for various flotation reagents was preliminarily determined through the initial test, providing a basis for the further test.

Improvement of XRF Detection Method for the Nickel Content in Imported Iron Ore

REN Chun-Sheng, LIAO Hai-Ping, CHEN He-Hai

2009, 39(1):  92-93+103. 

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The series of standard samples of nickel containing iron ores were prepared by sample addition method and XRF compensation method was used to detect the nickel content in the imported high nickel iron ores, thus extending the scope of applying XRF to determine the nickel content in iron ores.

Design and Development of the Evaluation Information System for Mineral Resource Reserves

XIONG Jun-Nan, MA Hong-Bin

2009, 39(1):  94-96+100. 

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With the rapid development and maturing of computer technology and geographic information system, it has become a commonly concerned significant research subject to use computer information technology for raising the level of intelligence and automation of the evaluation and management of mineral resource reserves, promoting the development of “digital mine” and improving the efficiency of mine surveying.The paper, from the aspects of spatial database design, reserves evaluation and 3D geological modeling, describes the key technology and design concept in the development of an evaluation information system for mineral resource reserves that can satisfy mine need, and discusses the functions and application of this system, with an iron mine as the case.

Application of Variogram in the Reserve Evaluation of An Orebody of Dachang Tin Deposit in Guangxi

ZHOU Kai-Feng, QIN De-Xian, LI Yun-Xia, REN Zhuo-Jun, YANG Xiao-Kun, WU Wei

2009, 39(1):  97-100. 

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Variogram is the core content and basic tool in geostatistics.It can well reflect the basic characteristics of the regionalized variables of a deposit, especially their random and structural change.Based on the study of the geological characteristics, the variogram of this orebody is computed and the computation result is analyzed.The result demonstrates that it is a practical method to use the variogram to establish a deposit mathematical model for the evaluation of orebody reserve evaluation.

3D Geological Modeling Method Based on Project Prism

LIU Yan, MA Hong-Bin, LI Jin-Sheng, XIONG Jun-Nan

2009, 39(1):  101-103. 

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The paper proposes a kind of 3D geological modeling method based on project prism, which is called PPM for short.This method, in light of the borehole data characteristics and stratum distribution law, divides the exploration area into several project prisms based on the horizontal position of boreholes, connects the corresponding ore sections of each prism sides by comparison to get the prism wireframe diagram, and then builds the triangular networks by prism, stratum and plane so as to finally get the triangular network of the whole geological body.The establishment of a 3D stratum model can solve the problems in the complex stratum structure reasoning including pinch-out, bifurcation and fault and the automatic modeling, and facilitate reserve estimation according to reserve classes.This method is of certain reference and guidance significance to the 3D geological modeling based on project prism.

Research on the Application of Coal Mine Equipment MIS

CHAI Yan-Li, HUANG Xing

2009, 39(1):  104-105. 

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In light of the status quo of coal mine equipment management, a coal mine equipment MIS based on WebGIS was designed, realizing the integration of spatial data and attribute data of the whole mine, a real-time, remote and dynamic management of coal mine equipment and a rapid fault location in abnormal operation of equipment.The system has been put into use and achieved good results such as improved production efficiency and management level and reduced maintenance cost.

Research & Development of Mine 3D Dynamic Modeling System Based on ANSYS

LU Hong-Jian, LUO Tao, GAN De-Qing

2009, 39(1):  106-107+176. 

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As ANSYS 3D numerical modeling is complex, the authors developed a 3D dynamic modeling system by using Borland Delphi 6.0 and based on cubic spline interpolation and the principle of trend surface analysis, realizing the seamless integration with ANSYS and 3D dynamic modeling.It has the advantages of good operability and accurate modeling, and can greatly reduce the workload of 3D modeling, improve the modeling efficiency and facilitate the simulation computation of multiple plans.

R&D of the Spatial Transformation System of Drawing in Digitalized Modeling

XU Shuai, SUN Huo-Ran, MA Xu-Feng

2009, 39(1):  108-111. 

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The digital geologic solid modeling serves as the foundation of real 3D CAD system platform and the transformation from the digital 2D mining drawing to 3D drawing is the key process for the establishment of geologic solid model.On the basis of Auto CAD platform, this paper tends to develop the drawing spatial transformation system by adopting such techniques as VC++6.0 and Object ARX2007 as well as methods of the papery drawing digitalization, base point location and graphics coordinates transformation.This system runs smoothly and is easy to learn and operate, with practice-proven accurate and reliable operation results.It can well solve the problem of spatial transformation for planar drawing, guaranteeing the construction of digital geologic solid model.

Transformation of the Electrical Control System of Mine Hoist Based on SIMADYN D

ZUO Dong-Sheng, LIU Gui-Jun, LI Yun-Long, ZHOU Chen

2009, 39(1):  112-114+149. 

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In view of the problems existing in the electrical control system of mine hoist, a transformation scheme based on SIMADYN D was proposed.Its application results shows that the new full-digital control system features a smooth operation, safety, reliability and fault-freeness and can fully satisfy the requirements of mine production.

Network Control of 6RA70 Serial Speed Regulating System

WANG Feng, HE Feng-You

2009, 39(1):  115-117. 

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PROFIBUS is one of the present hotspots in the field of automation.Its appearance has brought about a revolutionary change in control system.This paper describes the application of 6RA70 serial DC speed regulating system in mine hoist control system and the realization of the bus control of 6RA70 serial DC speed regulating system through S7-300PLC, and highlights the system software structure.The host computer monitoring has laid a basis for the future remote fault diagnosis of hoist.

Fuzzy PID-based Variable Frequency Speed Constant Pressure Governing System for the Classification in Mineral Processing

ZHANG Xiao-Fang, YU Jun-Qi, HE Ting-Shu, LIU Chun-Lian

2009, 39(1):  118-120+165. 

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A fuzzy intelligent control system was designed as a solution for the instable pressure of hydrocyclone in the classification operation in non-ferrous metal ore processing.A fuzzy intelligent PID control algorithm was used to control the inlet pressure of hydrocyclone by variable frequency speed governing technology so as to solve the problem of low classification efficiency due to the instable pressure of hydrocyclone.The system simulation result indicates that the system static error is less than 0.04% and it can be used to improve the classification efficiency.

Design of An Inductive Sensor for Concentrate Grade

WANG Li-Jie, ZHOU Zhen, NIU Bin, LIN Lin

2009, 39(1):  121-123+158. 

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The paper proposes a new type inductive sensor for iron concentrate grade that is characterized by light structure, simple driving and testing circuits and good performance.It can be used for a rapid measurement of the grade of magnetite concentrate.Its structure, testing method and detecting mechanism are presented and discussed.Orthogonal experimental design method was used in the parameter optimization and research of the sensor, laying a basis for the development of a practical iron concentrate grate detector.

Investigation and Practice of Grinding Medium Optimization for the Primary Mill in Donganshan Sintering Plant's Concentration Workshop

LUAN Ling, SONG Bao-Ying, YANG Guang, YUAN Li-Bin, LI Yuan

2009, 39(1):  124-126. 

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The paper presents the present conditions of the grinding-classification process in Donganshan Sintering Plant, AnSteel Mining Co., describes the tests for the comparison between φ127 mm and φ120 mm grinding media, and φ120 mm and φ110  mm grinding media respectively, and analyzes the grinding medium consumption and their grinding results.It is concluded that φ110 mm low chromium white cast balls are the most ideal for the ore of Donganshan Sintering Plant.

Research on Repairing the Cracked Frame of CJ411 Jaw Crusher

XU Hong-Yu, XIAO Qi-Dan, YANG Jing-Yu, SHEN Gui-Ping

2009, 39(1):  127-130. 

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The finite element analysis software ANSYS was used in the numerical simulation of the frame of CJ411 jaw crusher and the main causes leading to the frame crack were analyzed.The accidental load led to the evolution of the defects in the casting member of the crusher that was under a high stress, leading to the flaws.The high alternating stress produced in long term overload operation facilitated the rapid growth of these flaws, finally leading to the fatigue failure of the frame.On this basis, measures for repairing and improving the frame structure were proposed: to use welded carbon steel components to replace the casting members in the high stress zone and to change the welding to bolting for the connection between the beam and side plates.The numerical simulation comparative analysis of the frame before and after the repair indicates that the repaired frame has a rational stress distribution, and the measures have not only fully utilized the material properties but also greatly reduced the fracture failure probability, achieving a remarkable improvement.This research has not only solved the practical problem but also provides a reference to the frame design optimization of jaw crusher.

Status Quo and Prospect of the Treatment Technology forAcid Mine Drainage

YANG Qun, NING Ping, CHEN Fang-Yuan, ZHAO Tian-Liang

2009, 39(1):  131-134. 

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Acid mine drainage (AMD) is very harmful to the environment as it contains rich heavy metal ions.The paper reviews the status quo of the domestic and foreign research on the acid mine drainage treatment technology including physical chemical and biochemical methods, analyzes their features, existing problems and application prospect, and discusses the progress and development trend of AMD treatment technology.

Experimental Study on the Adsorption of Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Zn²⁺ from Wastewater by Natural Clinoptilolite

PAN Jia-Fen, LU Jie

2009, 39(1):  135-137. 

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The experiment was made on using Yongquan natural clinoptilolite produced in Weifang, Shandong Province to remove the heavy metal ions such as Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, Ni²⁺ and Zn²⁺ from a simulated wastewater.The result indicates that this natural clinoptilolite has high removal rate of Pb²⁺in the wastewater and can be used as an absorbent for Pb²⁺.

Study on GIS-based Landscape Ecological Assessment of Jilin Province

HAN Tian-Fang, HU Xiao-Min, DONG Yuan

2009, 39(1):  139-141+168. 

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Landscape ecology is a very important environmental characteristic.With the help of ArcGIS 9.2 and FRAGSTATS 3.3, the newest foreign landscape structural analysis software, ten indexes selected from the software were used in the calculation of the landscape structural indexes of Jinling Province from 1960 to 2000 and analysis was made of the change in its landscape patter, helping disclose the landscape structure characteristics and landscape evolution law.

Spatial-Temporal Features of the Heavy Metals in Lake Sediments

QIAN Xian-Wen, ZHENG Le-Ping, CHANG Qian-Fa, BAI Huai-Liang

2009, 39(1):  142-144. 

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The concentration of Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu in the sediments of northern Lake Taihu were determined using PE 5100PC AAS.The results show that the heavy metal elements are in the sequence of Fe>Mn>Zn>Cu in term of concentration, of Meiliang Bay > Dapukou > Gonghu Bay in term of regional concentration (inclusive of iron element), and of Mn>Fe>Zn>Cu in term of seasonal concentration variation.With respect to the heavy metals in Gonghu Bay, the Mn and Fe concentrations in winter are greater than in summer and the Zn and Cu concentrations in winter and spring are greater than in summer and autumn.

Analysis of the Field Monitoring of Roof Strata Displacement in Deep Mining

WANG Zhi-Guo, ZHOU Hong-Wei, XIE He-Ping, ZUO Jian-Ping

2009, 39(1):  145-149. 

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The problems in deep coal mining are increasingly more serious.In order to understand the roof strata movement law in deep mining, in combination with the real case of Panyi Mine, displacement monitoring was carried out on the roof strata by using a multipoint displacement monitor, with the monitoring holes arranged on the roof and floor of gas drainage tunnel in coal seam No.13-1.Analysis was made of the scope of the roof strata displacement, weakening and fracture at different levels and the distribution of the “three zones”.The result indicates that the strata sedimentation process can be divided into three phases: initial, active and decay.The curve of the strata sedimentation with the mining progress agrees with negative exponential function relation.Based on the sedimentation displacement and delamination, the boundary between the fissure zone and deformation belt was decided and the strata fracture site and the key strata were deduced.The research result provides a basis for a rational deep mining.

Investigation on the Technology and System Design of Wetting Agent Spraying for Dust Control in Underground Ore Unloading Station

SU Chuang, WU Chao, HAN Li-Hua, DONG Long-Jun

2009, 39(1):  150-153. 

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The technology and system design of wetting agent spraying for dust control for an underground ore unloading station were studied.The chemical composition and size distribution of mine dust were investigated, and the wetting ability of several wetting agents was studied by the down-ward capillary seep experiment for determining the wetting agent composition.The experimental results show that the wetting agent performance was affected by dust size distribution and the type and mass fraction of wetting agents as well as the test time.According to the features of the operation and the dust forming in the underground unloading station, an effective spraying system for dust control was used to depress the dust, evidently improving the environment of the ore unloading station.The dust control efficiency was influenced by water supply pressure and nozzle type.

Application of Grey Theory Model in Monitoring Mine Deformation

XIAO Hai-Ping, CHEN Lan-Lan

2009, 39(1):  154-155+161. 

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Monitoring of mine deformation is a scientific basis for guiding the mine production and operation.In order to more timely and accurately analyze and forecast the mine deformation, a grey theory model is established and its result is proven to conform to the practical engineering measurement.It can be used to well predict the mine deformation trend.

Discussion on Issues in the Design of Tailings Ponds of the Tibet Plateau

SHEN Lou-Yan

2009, 39(1):  156-158. 

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The brittle ecology and bad climate on the Tibet Plateau have made it certain that environment protection and water and soil conservation should be paid great attention to in designing the tailing ponds in this particular area.Meanwhile, the plateau cold weather makes it unfavorable and difficult to construct tailing ponds there, which will involve damming, flood draining and seepage prevention.The authors discusses the issues needing attention in the design of tailing ponds in plateau cold area based on their experience in the engineering practice of mine projects.

Study of Tailing Dam System Based on Dissipative Structure Theory

ZHENG Xin, QIN Hua-Li

2009, 39(1):  159-161. 

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Dissipation structure theory is applied to tailing dam system, which is an open and complicated system with non-equilibrium sequence structure.The interaction among the subsystems within the system of tailing dam is non-linear and the effect of the internal and external rising and falling on the stability of tailing dam system notable.The dissipative behavior of the tailing dam system is analyzed and the causes of its deformation and failure are found, providing a new way and theoretical basis for improving the stability of tailing dam system.

Progress in the Research of Using Iron Tailings as Building Material Resource

CHEN Yong-Liang, ZHANG Yi-Min, CHEN Tie-Jun

2009, 39(1):  162-165. 

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Iron tailings is the waste of mineral processing and is one of the main components of industrial solid wastes.The paper presents the characteristics and composition of iron tailings, reviews the progress made in recent years in the research of applying iron tailings in the building material industry in China, elaborates its application principle, production process and achievements and envisions the application trend of iron tailings in building material industry.

Study on the Effect of Composite Additive on the Roasting for Vanadium Extraction from Stone Coal

HU Yang-Jia, ZHANG Yi-Min, LIU Tao, HUANG Jing, LU Min, LI Jian-Hua

2009, 39(1):  166-168. 

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In view of the present low vanadium extraction rate by sodium-roasting of vanadium-containing stone coal, NaCl and MX3 were used as a composite additive, which has the advantages of reduced reaction temperature, shortened reaction time, reduced salt amount and improved extraction rate.The best extraction rate of roasted sample was 71.19%.The research test achieved a good result.

Dissolution of Alumina from Fly Ash Sintered Clinker

TANG Yun, CHEN Fu-Lin

2009, 39(1):  169-171+173. 

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Al₂O₃ was extracted from fly ash by sintering.The various factors influencing the sintering were optimized by orthogonal experiment and the leaching out and red mud washing tests were made on the sintering products.The sintering test was to investigate the effects of the sintering flux dosage and proportioning, sintering temperature and sintering time on the Al₂O₃ dissolution rate of fly ash sintered clinker.The clinker leaching test was to mainly investigate the effects of the dilute alkali solution concentration, leaching time, leaching temperature and red mud washing regime on the Al₂O₃ dissolution rate of fly ash sintered clinker.The results show that the optimization of the leaching conditions of sintered clinker by orthogonal experiment has raised the Al₂O₃ dissolution rate of fly ash sintered clink from 76.20％ to 84.69％ while the red mud washing has further improved the Al₂O₃ leaching rate to 87.03％, with the Na₂O dissolution rate reaching 94.83％.