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金属矿山 ›› 2014, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (09): 160-164.

• 安全与环保 • 上一篇    下一篇

昆钢大红山铁矿土地复垦植被重建

肖斌1,范玉华1,2,李俊1,杨光树1,覃龙江3, 武贤文3   

  1. 1.昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南 昆明 650092;2.云南省地质调查院,云南 昆明 650216;3.玉溪大红山矿业有限公司,云南 玉溪 653405
  • 出版日期:2014-09-15 发布日期:2015-04-15

Land Reclamation and Vegetation Reconstruction of Dahongshan Iron Mine of Kunsteel

Xiao Bin1,Fan Yuhua1,2,Li Jun1,Yang Guangshu1,3,Qin Longjiang3,Wu Xianwen3   

  1. 1.Faculty of Land Resource Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650092,China;2.Yunnan Provincial Geological Survey Institute,Kunming 650216,China;3.Yuxi Dahongshan Mining Co.,Ltd.,Yuxi 653405,China
  • Online:2014-09-15 Published:2015-04-15

摘要: 昆钢大红山铁矿开采至今,对矿区范围内生态环境造成了破坏,为保证矿山生态环境可持续发展和矿山生产可持续发展,大红山铁矿对矿山范围内土地进行了复垦。主要通过分析大红山铁矿目前对矿山范围内不同地貌类型、不同海拔的生态环境造成的破坏,将矿山不同地形对应的不同气候条件进行分类,对不同地形地貌和不同植被体系采取相应的土地复垦措施和生物配置方法来进行植被的重建。针对边坡、平台等地貌给出建设苗圃、有林地、条播乔灌草混交林、撒播灌草混交林、爬藤等方法,使占地面积为83.11 hm2的废石场土地复垦率达99.80%,以求达到最大的社会、生态、经济效益,并结合国内外矿山生态环境恢复治理的经验,给出了矿山生态环境保护、恢复的建议。

关键词: 土地复垦, 植被重建, 环境保护, 效益

Abstract: Till now,the exploitation of Dahongshan iron ore of Kunming Iron and Steel has caused damage to the ecological environment within the mining area.To ensure sustainable development of the ecological environment and the mining production,land reclamation within the mining area were made by Dahongshan Iron Mine.Through analysis of different landforms and ecological damage at different altitude within mining area of Dahongshan Iron Mine,the mines are classified according to different terrain corresponding to different climatic conditions.The appropriate land reclamation measures and the biological configuration approach are proposed for different terrain and different vegetation systems for vegetation construction.For slopes and platforms,nurseries,forest,mixture drilling of tree,shrub and grass,mix sowing of shrub and grass,and creepers are proposed.By this method,the waste rock dump with site area of 83.11 hm2 can realize land reclamation rate of 99.80% to maximize social,ecological and economic benefits.Combined with domestic and international mining experiences,recommendation on mine ecological restoration and environment protection is given.

Key words: Land reclamation, Vegetation reconstruction, Environmental protection, Benefits