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金属矿山 ›› 2016, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (01): 146-150.

• 安全与环保 • 上一篇    下一篇

露天矿生态环境的AHP与模糊数学评价法

王文才1,赵婧雯2,付鹏2,张培2,王鑫宙2,张根源2   

  1. 1.内蒙古科技大学矿业与煤炭学院,内蒙古 包头 014010;2.内蒙古科技大学矿业研究院,内蒙古 包头 014010
  • 出版日期:2016-01-15 发布日期:2016-03-11
  • 基金资助:

    * 内蒙古科学技术厅科技计划项目(编号:20140711-2)。

AHP and Fuzzy Mathematics Assessment of Open-pit Mine Ecological Environment

Wang Wencai1,Zhao Jingwen2,Fu Peng2,Zhang Pei2,Wang Xinzhou2,Zhang Genyuan2   

  1. 1.Institute of Mining and Coal,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China;2.Research Institute of Mining,Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology,Baotou 014010,China
  • Online:2016-01-15 Published:2016-03-11

摘要: 以露天矿生态环境的稳定性、宜人性和限制性为依据,采用AHP法建立了露天矿生态环境的评价指标体系,该指标体系由地貌、植被、气候、大气、土壤、地下水、人口和开采8项因素及其相关的22项指标组成。通过AHP法计算要素层及其相关指标的权重矩阵,得出对露天矿生态环境影响最大的因素是开采、植被和气候,影响最大的指标是地表扰动率、固体废物堆置率、植被覆盖率、土地复垦率和坡度角大于25°的面积比重。借助由模糊数学建立的露天矿生态环境隶属度函数、模糊矩阵并结合指标权重矩阵确定出的露天矿生态环境隶属度矩阵,就可以对露天矿的生态环境状况进行评价。实例评价表明:该评价方法使用方便,评价结果符合实际情况,值得推广和应用。

关键词: 露天矿, 生态环境, 层次分析法(AHP), 模糊数学法, 评价方法

Abstract: With the stability,agreeableness and the limitation of the strip mine ecological environment as a basis,an eco-environmental assessment index system was established with the method of AHP.The index system consists of 8 factors and 22 correlative indexes,among which the 8 factors includes landform,vegetation,climate,atmosphere,soil,groundwater,population and exploitation.The weight matrix of elements layer and correlative indexes were calculated by AHP method,concluding that the maximal elements which influenced strip mine ecological environment were exploitation,vegetation and climate,and the maximal indexes were surface disturbance rate,the rate of solid waste dumps,vegetation coverage,land reclamation rate and the proportion of the area with slope angles greater than 25°.With the help of membership function and fuzzy matrix established by fuzzy mathematics,along with the membership matrix from weight matrix,the situation of the strip mine ecological environment was evaluated.The result showed that the evaluation method was worthy to be popularized and applied since it was easy to use and the assessment accorded with the fact.

Key words: Open-pit mine, Ecological environment, AHP, Fuzzy mathematics, Assessment method