露天矿超高边坡灾变影响因素与防控关键技术研究综述

金属矿山 ›› 2016, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (11): 1-9.

• 专题综述 • 下一篇

露天矿超高边坡灾变影响因素与防控关键技术研究综述

代永新^1,2,3，赵武鹍^1,2,3

1.中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究院有限公司，安徽马鞍山 243000；2.华唯金属矿产资源高效循环利用国家工程研究中心有限公司；安徽马鞍山 243000；3.金属矿山安全与健康国家重点实验室，安徽马鞍山 243000

出版日期:2016-11-15 发布日期:2017-02-15

Overview about Disaster Factors and Critical Control Technique for Super High Slope of Open-pit Mine

Dai Yongxin^1,2,3，Zhao Wukun^1,2,3

1.Sinosteel Maanshan Institute of Mining Research Co.，Ltd.，Maanshan 243000，China；2.Huawei National Engineering Research Center of High Efficiency Cyclic Utilization of Metal Mineral Resources Co.，Maanshan 243000，China；3.State Key Laboratory of Safety and Health for Metal Mines，Maanshan 243000，China

Online:2016-11-15 Published:2017-02-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以2015年国家安监总局统计的125个露天矿山基本信息为出发点，分析了我国露天矿山边坡现状与设计高度分布情况，将边坡高度500 m以上划分为超高边坡，未来超高边坡由现在的2%增加到14%。结合国家“十三五”规划相关建议，阐述了进行超高边坡研究的重要性和必要性。以超高边坡灾变机理、安全防控技术以及在线监测预警技术为研究对象，在分析整理国内外相关资料的基础上，从高应力与卸荷作用、高应力与岩体变形破坏、渗透特性与渗流规律、物理模拟与数值仿真、爆破安全控制技术、大吨位深锚索加固技术、在线安全监测及智能预警技术等方面，总结了目前超高边坡灾变过程关键影响因素、防控技术以及监测预警技术现状，结合超高边坡工程特点，指出目前研究存在的问题与技术难点，并分析了超高边坡研究发展的趋势，指出了超高边坡研究面临的挑战，包括：①节理-水-应力等多因素耦合作用下灾变机理及破坏模式；②超高边坡灾变机理大型物理模拟平台建设与数值仿真技术；③微损伤爆破超高边坡安全控制技术；④大吨位预应力深锚索加固超高边坡治理技术；⑤超高边坡滑坡在线安全监测与预警技术。

关键词: 超高边坡, 高应力, 物理模拟, 数值仿真, 安全控制, 监测预警

Abstract: From views of the statistics information of 125 open-pit mines from The State Administration of Work Safety，the current situation of China's open-pit mine slope and the designed height distribution were analyzed.Above the height of 500 m slope is called the super high slope.The super high slope will be increased from 2% now to 14% in the future.According to the related suggestions at the national "Thirteen Five-year" planning，it is important and necessary to make analysis on the super high side slopes.With the super high slope disaster mechanism，safety control technology and online monitoring and early warning technology as the research subjects，and based on analysis of the related materials at home and abroad，the key influence factors of the slope disaster process，the slope disaster control process and the monitoring and early warning technology of current super high slopes from the aspects of the high stress and unloading effect，high damage，permeability and seepage characteristics，physical simulation and numerical simulation，the blasting safety control technology，large tonnage deep anchor reinforcement technology，online safety monitoring and intelligent warning technology are summarized.Combining with the characteristics of super high slopes，the problems and difficulties of current researches are pointed out，the development trend of super high slope is analyzed，and the challenge of the research is proposed.The challenge is including the joint water stress under the multi factor coupling catastrophe mechanism and failure mode; the high slope deformation mechanism of the large-scale simulation platform construction and numerical simulation technology; the micro blasting damage super high slope safety control technology; super high slope reinforcement technology of the Large Tonnage Pre-stressed Anchor deep; Super high slope landslide online safety monitoring and early warning technology.

Key words: Super high slope, High stress, Physical simulation, Numerical simulation, Safety control, Monitoring and early warning

代永新, 赵武鹍. 露天矿超高边坡灾变影响因素与防控关键技术研究综述[J]. 金属矿山, 2016, 45(11): 1-9.

DAI Yong-Xin, ZHAO Wu-Kun. Overview about Disaster Factors and Critical Control Technique for Super High Slope of Open-pit Mine[J]. Metal Mine, 2016, 45(11): 1-9.

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露天矿超高边坡灾变影响因素与防控关键技术研究综述

Overview about Disaster Factors and Critical Control Technique for Super High Slope of Open-pit Mine

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