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金属矿山 ›› 2019, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (11): 197-203.

• 综合利用 • 上一篇    下一篇

有色金属矿尾矿微生物浸出技术研究进展

赵钰1,2,董颖博1,2,3,林海1,2   

  1. 1. 北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院,北京 100083;2. 工业典型污染物资源化处理北京市重点实验室,北京 100083;3. 矿物加工科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京 100083
  • 出版日期:2019-11-15 发布日期:2020-01-03
  • 基金资助:

    基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51874018),矿物加工科学与技术国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目(编号:BGRIMM-KJSKL-2019-16)。

Research Progress on Microbial Leaching Technology of Non-ferrous Metal Tailings

Zhao Yu1,2, Dong yingbo1,2,3, Lin Hai1,2   

  1. 1. School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of School and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China; 2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-oriented Treatment of Industrial Typical Pollutants, Beijing 100083, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Mineral Processing, Beijing 100083, China
  • Online:2019-11-15 Published:2020-01-03

摘要: 在开发利用我国大量堆存的有色金属矿尾矿中的有价金属矿物,溶出有毒金属元素,实现资源的充分利用与减少污染方面,微生物浸出技术是一项最有前途的技术。为了系统展示微生物浸矿技术的进展,从直接浸矿、间接浸矿、原电池效应和胞外聚合物(EPS)作用等方面介绍了微生物浸矿的作用机理;从浸矿菌种和外界因素(包括温度、pH、氧化还原电位、营养物质)方面总结了影响浸矿效果的关键技术;并对尾矿预处理、诱变育种、使用催化剂等措施在强化浸出效果方面的作用进行了介绍,最后对微生物浸出技术在有色金属矿尾矿无害化和资源化处理方面的发展方向和前景进行了展望。

关键词: 微生物浸出技术, 有色金属矿尾矿, 重金属, 资源回收

Abstract: Microbiological leaching technology is one of the most promising technology in the development and utilization of valuable metal minerals in the mass stack of non-ferrous metal mine tailings in China, the dissolution of toxic metal elements, the full utilization of resources and the reduction of pollution. In order to systematically demonstrate the progress of microbiological leaching technology, the mechanism of microbiological leaching was introduced from the aspects of direct leaching, indirect leaching, galvanic effect and extracellular polymer(EPS) action; The key technology affecting the leaching effect were summarized from the leaching strains and external factors(including temperature, pH, redox potential and nutrients); The role of tailings pretreatment, mutation breeding, and use of catalysts in enhancing the leaching effect was introduced. Finally, the development direction and prospect of microbiological leaching technology in the harmless and resource-oriented treatment of non-ferrous metal mine tailings were forecasted.

Key words: Microbiological leaching technology, Non-ferrous metal mine tailings, Heavy metals, Resource recycling