安徽和睦山铁矿楔形体地压控制方法研究

金属矿山 ›› 2020, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (11): 19-24.

安徽和睦山铁矿楔形体地压控制方法研究

李海英,任凤玉,陈宪龙,明旭

1. 武汉科技大学资源与环境工程学院，湖北武汉 430081；2. 东北大学资源与土木工程学院，辽宁沈阳 110819；3. 马钢（集团）控股有限公司姑山矿业公司，安徽马鞍山 243184

出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2020-12-22

Study on the Control Technology for Wedge Ground Pressure at Hemushan Iron Mine in Anhui Province

LI Haiying,REN Fengyu,CHEN Xianlong,MING Xu

1. College of Resoure and Environmental Engineering，Wuhan University of Science and Technology，Wuhan 430081，China；2. School of Resoures and Civil Engineering，Northeastern University ，Shenyang 110819，China；3. Gushan Mining Co.，Ltd. of Magang （Group） Holding Co.， Ltd.，Maanshan 243184，China

Online:2020-11-15 Published:2020-12-22

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在破碎难采铁矿床地下开采中，掌控采场地压活动规律，采取有效措施控制地压活动，是实现安全高效开采的重要保障。和睦山铁矿后和睦山矿区矿体与下盘近矿围岩破碎，应用无底柱分段崩落法开采，随着回采工作面的下降与采场结构参数的改变，在-250 m阶段的第一分段开采中，发生了大规模地压活动，下盘进路联巷与上盘侧回采进路遭到严重破坏，巷道两帮内挤、折断或碎裂片落，底板鼓起，顶板下沉，使巷道无法修复，严重影响了矿山安全生产。基于地压活动特点与巷道破坏原因的分析，揭示了复杂地压的机理，提出巷道破坏力主要来源于顶板围岩发生断裂而又滞后冒落所形成的楔形体压力，并创建了楔形体附加应力数学模型。计算结果表明：楔形体尖部压应力大于矿体抗压强度的平均值，是致使上盘侧采准巷道快速破坏的主要原因；而楔翼活动压力引起矿体下盘断裂构造面的滑移，是造成下盘采准工程破坏的直接原因。根据上述分析，采用楔尖部位局部卸压开采、控制下盘地质构造面滑移破坏、增大进路间距与改进巷道支护形式相结合的综合方法，有效控制了复杂楔形体地压危害，保障了-250 m中段的安全开采。

关键词: 楔形地压, 倾斜破碎矿体, 分段崩落法, 采场地压控制

Abstract: In the underground mining of the broken， irregular blocks ore body of the metal deposit，it is an important guarantee for the safe and efficient mining at the posits to study and recognize the ground pressure activity law of the stope and take effective measures to control the ground pressure activity.The Houhemushan mining area of Hemushan Iron Mine is a broken ，irregular blocks ore body mining by sublevel caving method without sill pillar.As the decline of working face and the change of stope structural parameters，large-scale ground pressure activities took place in the first sublevel of the -250 m middle section，and the footwall haulage roadway and the hanging wall drifts were seriously damaged，such as the two sides of the roadway are squeezed，broken or broken， the floor is bulging，and the roof is sinking etc.， which makes the roadway unable to be repaired，and seriously affects the safety production of the mine.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of ground pressure activity and the failure mechanism of stope，it is concluded that the ground pressure mainly comes from the wedge- shaped body pressure which is formed by the fracture and the delayed caving of rock surrounding the roof.At the same time，the mathematical model of additional stress on the wedge is established.According to the calculation results，the pressure stress at the tip of wedge is greater than the average value of the compressive strength of the ore body，which is the main reason for the rapid destruction of the hanging wall drifts，while the sliding of the fracture structural plane at the footwall of the ore body caused by the active pressure of wedge wing is the direct reason for the footwall haulage roadway destruction.According to above-mentioned analytical results，the method of controlling the slippage failure of footwall geological structural planes，depressurizing partial mining， increasing the drift interval and improving the stope support form is used to effectively control the ground pressure of wedge-shaped body and ensure the safe mining at -250 m middle section.

Key words: wedge ground pressure, inclined cracked orebody, sublevel caving method, ground pressure control of stope

李海英, 任凤玉, 陈宪龙, 明旭. 安徽和睦山铁矿楔形体地压控制方法研究[J]. 金属矿山, 2020, 49(11): 19-24.

LI Haiying, REN Fengyu, CHEN Xianlong, MING Xu. Study on the Control Technology for Wedge Ground Pressure at Hemushan Iron Mine in Anhui Province[J]. Metal Mine, 2020, 49(11): 19-24.

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