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金属矿山 ›› 2020, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (05): 117-123.

• 协同开采 • 上一篇    下一篇

煤型铀矿床煤铀协同开采理论模型

曾 晟,叶文浩,徐华清   

  1. 1. 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南 衡阳 421001;2. 湖南省核工业地质局三0六大队地质环境调查院,湖南 衡阳 421008
  • 出版日期:2020-05-15 发布日期:2020-06-12
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(编号:11775107),湖南省教育厅重点项目(编号:16A184)。

Theoretical Model of Synergetic Mining of Coal and Uranium in Uranium Bearing Coal Deposit

Zeng Sheng,Ye Wenhao,Xu Huaqing   

  1. 1. School of Resource Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China;2. Geological Environment Survey Institute,Gelogical Bureau of Hunan Province Nuclear Insdusty Brigade 306,Hengyang 421008,China
  • Online:2020-05-15 Published:2020-06-12

摘要: 煤型铀矿作为一种双重能源备受世界各国关注,从煤型铀矿中同时开采煤和铀资源对于矿产资源综合利用具有重大意义。“协同开采”理念的提出为煤型铀矿资源合理开采提供了新思路。通过对煤型铀矿 资源基本特征和煤型铀矿床开采经验的分析,认为煤矿先采影响地下水位,不利于铀矿回收,铀矿先采形成放射性直接影响煤矿能否继续开采,实现煤铀同步开采具有可行性。因此,借鉴金属矿床地下协同开采思路 ,提出了煤型铀矿床煤铀协同开采构想:将不连续煤型铀矿床进行分区、分段和分层,共享开拓系统;采用分区出矿分区支护的方式,解决顶板支护不到位和回采效率低的问题;采用压抽混合式通风方式降低氡浓度 和瓦斯排放。其中涉及到一些技术难题如不连续煤型铀矿床如何分区分段、各零散矿段如何合并、回采区铀品位高和瓦斯含量高的地段如何设置特殊安防措施及整个矿床如何综合疏水等有待进一步攻关,未来仍需在 煤铀协同采矿方法和工程技术方面进行研究与实践,进一步丰富煤铀协同开采理论。

关键词: 协同开采, 煤型铀矿, 赋存状态, 采矿方法

Abstract: As a kind of dual energy source,uranium bearing coal ore has been paid much attention in the world. It is of great significance for the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources to mine coal and uranium simultaneously from uranium bearing coal ore. The concept of "synergetic mining" provides a new idea for the rational mining of uranium bearing coal ore resources.Based on the analysis of the basic characteristics of uranium bearing coal ore resources and the mining experience of mining in uranium bearing coal deposit,it is considered that the coal mining first affects the groundwater level, which is not conducive to the recovery of the uranium deposits. The formation of radioactivity in the uranium mining first directly affects whether the coal mining can continue, and it is feasible to realize the simultaneous mining of coal and uranium.Therefore, based on the idea of underground synergetic mining of metal deposits, the concept of "synergetic mining" in uranium bearing coal deposit is put forward. The discontinuous uranium bearing coal deposits are divided, segmented and stratified to share the exploration system. The problems of inadequate roof support and low recovery efficiency are solved by adopting the method of partition support.Radon concentration and gas emission are reduced by combined pressure-extraction ventilation. Some technical problems are involved, such as how to partition discontinuous uranium bearing coal deposit, how to merge scattered ore sections, how to set up special security measures in the areas with high uranium grade and high gas content in the stopping area, and how to integrate the whole deposit with drainage. In the future, it is still necessary to carry out study and practice on the innovation of synergetic mining in uranium bearing coal deposit method and engineering technology to further enrich the theory of synergetic mining in uranium bearing coal deposit.

Key words: Synergetic mining, Uranium bearing coal deposit, Occurrence state, Mining method