地震逆时偏移成像条件在巷道中应用对比及噪声压制策略

金属矿山 ›› 2021, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (05): 78-85.

地震逆时偏移成像条件在巷道中应用对比及噪声压制策略

杨智超¹高有潮²王建森³毛淑婷²郝磊¹张庆松³

1. 山东大学齐鲁交通学院，山东济南 250061；2. 山东滨莱高速公路有限公司，山东淄博 255200；3. 山东大学土建与水利学院，山东济南 250061

出版日期:2021-05-15 发布日期:2021-05-12
基金资助:
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目（编号：2016YFC0801604）；国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（编号：51909144）；山东省交通科技计划项目（编号：2016B20）。

Comparison of Imaging Conditions for Seismic Reverse-time Migration and the Strategy of Low-frequency Noise Suppression in Roadway Environment

YANG Zhichao¹ GAO Youchao² WANG Jiansen³ MAO Shutin² HAO Lei¹ ZHANG Qingsong³

1. School of Qilu Transportation，Shandong University，Jinan 250061，China；2. Shandong Binlai Expressway Co.，Ltd.，Zibo 255200，China；3. School of Civil Engineering，Shandong University，Jinan 250061，China

Online:2021-05-15 Published:2021-05-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了保障矿山巷道（隧道）等地下工程在复杂的地质条件下安全高效开挖，需要采用有效而准确的超前预报技术来提前探明开挖面前方的地质情况。在各类超前预报技术中，地震波反射法是最主流的方法之一，其最大的优点是探测距离远、界面识别效果好。逆时偏移（Reverse-time Migration，RTM）是一种基于地震波反射信息对地质结构进行精确刻画的先进成像理论，将其用于矿山巷道（隧道）地震波超前预报可以大幅提升探测精度。在逆时偏移过程中，特别是在矿山巷道复杂的观测环境下，成像条件的选择以及低频噪声的压制策略是保证最终成像质量的关键。以地震波逆时偏移理论为基础，构建了3种典型巷道不良地质体模型，对几种常用的逆时偏移成像条件以及低频噪声压制方法进行了对比分析。结果表明：基于Poynting矢量去噪的互相关成像条件是最适用于矿山巷道（隧道）地震波逆时偏移的成像条件。分析结果为逆时偏移成像在矿山巷道（隧道）地震波超前探测中的实际应用奠定了基础。

关键词: 巷道超前地质预报, 地震波反射法, 逆时偏移成像, 成像条件, 低频噪声

Abstract: For the safety and efficiency of roadway or tunnel construction in complex geological conditions， effective and accurate forward-prospecting technologies are required to detect unexpected geological conditions in front of tunnel face. Seismic exploration is one of the most important methods among all forward-prospecting technologies because of its advantages in detection distance and the interface recognition effect. Reverse-time migration （RTM） is an imaging theory to accurately describe the geological structure based on seismic forward-prospecting data. It can greatly improve the accuracy of detection when RTM is used in tunnel-based seismic forward-prospecting technology. In RTM， especially in the complex environment such as tunnel or roadway， the selection of imaging conditions and the strategy to suppress the low-frequency noise are the key to ensure the quality of imaging results. Based on the seismic RTM method， three typical geological models are constructed to compare the efficiency of several RTM imaging conditions and low-frequency noise suppression methods. The results show that the cross-correlation imaging condition based on Poynting vector is the most suitable imaging condition for seismic reverse-time migration in roadway or tunnel environment. The above study results provides a basis for the real application of RTM in tunnel-based seismic forward-prospecting technology.

Key words: advanced geological prediction of roadway, seismic reflection method, reverse-time migration imaging, imaging condition, low-frequency noise

杨智超高有潮王建森毛淑婷郝磊张庆松. 地震逆时偏移成像条件在巷道中应用对比及噪声压制策略[J]. 金属矿山, 2021, 50(05): 78-85.

YANG Zhichao GAO Youchao WANG Jiansen MAO Shutin HAO Lei ZHANG Qingsong. Comparison of Imaging Conditions for Seismic Reverse-time Migration and the Strategy of Low-frequency Noise Suppression in Roadway Environment[J]. Metal Mine, 2021, 50(05): 78-85.

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