关键词: 铝灰, 资源化处理, 综合利用, 无害化处理, 环境风险评价, 管理政策

Abstract: Aluminum ash is a toxic and harmful solid waste produced in the production process of aluminum industry. On the one hand， it contains a large amount of metal aluminum and aluminum compounds， which has high industrial recovery and reuse value. On the other hand， it often contains heavy metals such as Cr， Cd， Pb and harmful ions such as F-， Cl-， CN-， which not only can pollute the soil， but also causes groundwater pollution with the migration of heavy metals and harmful ions. It is urgent to seek economic and green aluminum ash recovery methods， appropriate environmental assessment methods and both reasonable and feasible management policies with the further increase of aluminum ash output in China in 2020. The treatment methods， difficulties and future development direction of aluminum ash in China were summarized on three aspects，including treatment methods， environmental evaluation and management policies of aluminum ash. The treatment methods of aluminum ash are mainly divided into aluminum ash recovery， harmless treatment and resource utilization， among which aluminum ash recovery is divided into fire recovery and wet recovery currently. Among them， the salt-free recovery method of roasting method has a great application space in the future due to less pollution and higher recovery rate. The resource utilization of aluminum ash regards aluminum ash as the main raw material to obtain building materials and reagent. Because of the low cost of materials， superior performance and less pollution to the environment， it has a broad application market and development prospect.The environmental evaluation method is based on the Soil Environment （Trial） Evaluation Standard （HJ 964—2018） and Groundwater Environment Evaluation Standard （HJ 610—2016）， and combines various statistical methods to give the evaluation conclusions including the trend of environmental change and the upper limit of bearing capacity， which is a scientific evaluation method with practical significance. Moreover， the hazard of aluminum ash and current management policy of stocking aluminum ash are introduced based on the national laws， local policies and some enterprise policies， which can provide reference for future policy formulation of enterprises. In a word， it is not difficult to see through the combination of aluminum ash treatment， environmental evaluation and management policy， scientific research and production will combine with each other closely to promote the aluminum ash treatment method towards the gradual green non-toxic and comprehensive utilization direction.

Key words: aluminum ash, resourceful treatment, comprehensive utilization, innocent treatment, environmental risk evaluation, management policies