关键词: 开采沉陷, 矿山生态修复, 采空区, 地裂缝, 抽冒塌陷

Abstract: It is essential to analyze the characteristics of mining subsidence for the interpretation of the mechanism of mining subsidence and ecological rehabilitation of mining areas.The occurrence characteristics of coal and bauxite resources in Majiagou mining area of Tangshan were analyzed based on the field surveying of mining-induced subsidence and its resulted damage.The results show that steeply inclined coal seam mining was caused the ground to form a step-like non-continuous deformation crack in the direction of the dip， the structure at the crack was damaged severely， located outside the cracks of the structure was damaged slightly， it shows that the mining subsidence occurs concentrated deformation at the crack.According to the prospecting survey， ground cracks formed during the original mining process were closed with the stability of the mining subsidence， but little cracks still exist. In the area of the outcrops of steeply inclined coal seam， not only the surface of the phenomenon of pumping collapse in the mining process， after several years of mining subsidence stabilization， it is still possible to pumping collapse.The findings and characteristics would be useful to guide the exploration of the mined-out area and the construction over the collapsed land in Majiagou abandoned mining areas.In addition，these findings can also be beneficial to give a reference for the study of mining subsidence and landscape ecological restoration of those mining areas with similar geo-mining conditions.

Key words: miningsubsidence, mine ecological restoration, goaf, ground fissure, pumping collapse