关键词: 粉煤灰, 固体废弃物, 二次资源, 工程型, 产品型, 资源化, 综合利用

Abstract: Coal fly ash (CFA) is the main solid waste discharged from coalfired power plants,and it is also a secondary resource containing valuable substance.The comprehensive development of CFA can not only improve its resource utilization rate and turn waste into treasure,but also effectively alleviate the problems of land resource occupation and environmental pollution caused by its longterm accumulation.The current research status of resource utilization of CFA in the fields of "engineering type" and "product type" are sorted out.In terms of "engineering type" utilization,first,CFA can be used in the construction industry on a large scale,but the added value of the product is low,and its content needs to be further increased.Second,CFA can be used in agriculture to improve soil fertility,but it needs to be attenuated itself.Third,CFA can be used for waste gas and wastewater treatment in the field of environmental protection,but the CFA loaded with harmful substances needs to be reprocessed.In terms of "product type" utilization,first,valuable substances can be recovered from CFA,such as the separation of microbeads,magnetic beads and unburned carbon by physical methods,and the extraction of aluminum and key metals by chemical methods,but there are often problems such as low recovery rate and product purity,and prone to secondary pollution.Second,CFA can be used to prepare high valueadded products and increase economic benefits,but there are problems such as few product types,high preparation costs,and low market acceptance at present.In view of the above problems,reasonable suggestions are put forward for the future comprehensive utilization of CFA in China from the perspectives of classification refinement of raw materials,product research direction,industry standard formulation,and national policy orientation.

Key words: coal fly ash, solid waste, secondary resources, engineering type, product type, resource utilization, comprehensive utilization