关键词: 爆炸力学, 岩石爆破, 能量释放, 能量传输, 能量调控

Abstract: The process of rock drilling and blasting involves a complex interaction of Thermal-Hydrological-MechanicalChemical (T—H—M—C) coupling processes,which essentially involves the release,transmission,and transformation of explosive energy. Investigating the theory and technology of blasting energy regulation is of great significance for improving the energy utilization rate of explosives and reducing harmful effects. This article systematically reviews the research progress in the mechanism of energy release,transmission,and transformation of explosives in rock drilling and blasting,with a focus on non-ideal detonation models of explosives,energy release laws of explosives,interaction mechanisms between explosive and rock mass,blasting energy transfer models,and blasting energy distribution laws. The study results show that the energy utilization rate of rock fragmentation by blasting depends on the pressure distribution of the entire detonation wave. A large amount of energy is released in the sparse wave behind the detonating wave for non-ideal detonation. The traditional impedance matching theory is too simplistic for the blasting process,and cannot reasonably describe the energy transfer process between explosives and rocks. The regulation of blasting energy can be achieved through the release and transmission of explosive energy. Energy regulation technology mainly includes blasting energy regulation technology based on performance adjustable explosives,precise delay blasting with electronic detonators,initiation position and mode,and charge structure optimization,and so on. Based on the above analysis,the development status and main problems of energy regulation theory and application technology for rock drilling and blasting are summarized,and the research and development trend of this technology is discussed.

Key words: mechanics of explosion,rock blasting,energy release,energy transmission,energy regulation