关键词: 采空区处理, 切顶卸压理论, 绿色开采, 安全开采, 地表沉陷

Abstract: Water-retaining mining,subsidence reducing mining,waste rock and tailing filling were the core contents of green mining in non-coal underground mines. The review shows filling mining was the fundamental way to realize green mining, but filling mining was not only relatively high in cost,practice had shown that uneven settlement and high underground pressure of deep mining could also not be eliminated. In this paper,the green mining concept based on the top-cutting and pressure-relief theory is put forward,and these technical assumptions of green mining and safe mining of ore-body under various occurrence conditions are expounded. The research shows that cutting off the roof of a certain depth by controlled blasting and building up rock-fill dam supporting the roof,it can not only eliminate or transfer the high underground pressure,but also control the roof settlement by the rational distribution of this spring-like structure,it can also be used as an retaining wall for filling mining. In the steeply inclined forsaken stope,blasting loose rock is directly discharged into the unsolidified cemented filling body, which can not only greatly reduce the filling cost,but also improve the strength of the filling retaining wall. Green mining idea based on the theory of top-cutting and pressure-relief is the only way to realize safety,green mining and full mining of pillar.

Key words: abandoned / forsaken stope disposal,theory of roof / top-cutting and pressure-relief,green mining,safe mining,surface subsidence