白云鄂博浮选铌精矿工艺矿物学研究及分离方法论证

金属矿山 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (7): 86-93.

白云鄂博浮选铌精矿工艺矿物学研究及分离方法论证

刘全坤^1,2 　高　鹏^1,2 　刘　杰^1,2 　何佳昊^1,2 　王子航^1,2 　徐梦婷^1,2

1. 东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳 110819; 2. 难采选铁矿资源高效开发利用技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,辽宁沈阳 110819

出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2025-08-12
通讯作者: 高　鹏(1982—),男,教授,博士,博士研究生导师。
作者简介:刘全坤(1999—),男,硕士研究生。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52130406)

Process Mineralogy Study and Separation Method Demonstration of Flotation Niobium Concentrate in Bayan Obo

LIU Quankun ^1,2 　 GAO Peng ^1,2 　 LIU Jie ^1,2 　 HE Jiahao ^1,2　 WANG Zihang ^1,2 　 XU Mengting ^1,2

1. School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;2. National-local Joint Engineering Research Center of High-efficient Exploitation Technology for Refractory Iron Ore Resources,Shenyang 110819,China

Online:2025-07-15 Published:2025-08-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了更好地开发利用白云鄂博铌矿资源,采用化学成分分析、SEM、MLA 等检测方法对白云鄂博稀土尾矿的铌浮选精矿进行工艺矿物学研究,并对该样品进行了分离回收探索试验。结果表明,白云鄂博稀土浮选尾矿的铌浮选精矿 Nb2O5 含量为 1. 92%,TFe 含量为 47. 80%;SiO2 和 TiO2 含量较高,分别为 9. 13%和 3. 89%;S、P 和 Zn 元素含量较低,分别为 0. 22%、0. 09%和 0. 01%。铌元素主要分布在易解石、烧绿石、铌铁锰矿和铌金红石中,少量 Nb 存在于硅钛铈铁矿中,铌矿物的单体解离度较低。铁元素则主要存在于磁/ 赤铁矿和霓石中,铁矿物的单体解离度较高。主要有用矿物易解石主要与铌金红石和磁/ 赤铁矿连生,铌金红石和磁/ 赤铁矿与易解石接触的边长占易解石总边长的比值分别为 8. 28%和 6. 00%,磁/ 赤铁矿主要与霓石连生,霓石与磁/ 赤铁矿接触的边长占磁/ 赤铁矿的比值为 3. 30%。由于铁矿物含量较高,铌铁嵌布关系较复杂,采用传统的选矿方法难以实现二者的有效分离。推荐采用“矿相转化—磁选”工艺,Nb 进入磁选尾矿,Nb2O5 含量为 3. 72%;大部分 Fe 进入磁选精矿中,TFe 含量为 65. 56%,可以实现铁、铌矿物的有效分离。

关键词: 矿相转化　工艺矿物学　铌矿物　磁选分离　铁矿物

Abstract: In order to better develop and utilize the niobium ore resources in Baiyan Obo,the niobium flotation concentrate from Baiyan Obo rare earth tailings was studied by process mineralogy using chemical composition analysis,SEM,MLA and other testing methods,and the separation and recovery of this sample was explored and tested. The results showed that the niobium flotation concentrate from Baiyan Obo rare earth flotation tailings contained Nb2O5 of 1. 92% and TFe of 47. 80% . In addition,the contents of SiO2 and TiO2 were high of 9. 13% and 3. 89%,respectively,and the remaining S,P and Zn elements were low of 0. 22%,0. 09% and 0. 01%,respectively. Niobium elements are mainly distributed in the felsite,pyrochlore,niobium ferromanganese and niobium rutile,and a small amount of Nb exists in the silica-titanium-ceria felsite,and the niobium minerals have a low degree of dissociation of the monomers. In contrast,Fe is mainly present in magnetite / hematite and nepheline,while Fe minerals have a high degree of monomer dissociation. The main useful minerals,eclogite,are mainly contiguous with niobium rutile and magnetic / hematite,and the ratios of side lengths of niobium rutile and magnetic / hematite in contact with eclogite to the total side lengths of eclogite are 8. 28% and 6. 00%,respectively,while the magnetic / hematite is mainly contiguous with nepheline,and the ratio of side lengths of nepheline in contact with magnetic / hematite to the ratio of magnetic / hematite is 3. 30%. Due to the high content of iron minerals,niobium and iron embedded relationship is more complex,using the traditional beneficiation method is difficult to realize the effective separation of the two. Therefore,the process of " mineral phase transformation-magnetic separation" is adopted to make Nb enter into the magnetic separation tailings,with the content of Nb2O5 being 3. 72%,and most of Fe enter into the magnetic separation concentrate,with the content of TFe being 65. 56%, which can realize the effective separation of the two.

Key words: mineral phase transformation,process mineralogy,niobium minerals,magnetic separation,iron minerals

中图分类号:

TD97

刘全坤, 　高　鹏, 　刘　杰, 　何佳昊, 　王子航, 　徐梦婷, . 白云鄂博浮选铌精矿工艺矿物学研究及分离方法论证 [J]. 金属矿山, 2025, 54(7): 86-93.

LIU Quankun , 　 GAO Peng , 　 LIU Jie , 　 HE Jiahao , 　 WANG Zihang , 　 XU Mengting , . Process Mineralogy Study and Separation Method Demonstration of Flotation Niobium Concentrate in Bayan Obo [J]. Metal Mine, 2025, 54(7): 86-93.

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