富里酸对氟磷灰石与白云石的浮选选择性抑制
机理研究

金属矿山 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (9): 114-120.

富里酸对氟磷灰石与白云石的浮选选择性抑制机理研究

唐　远^1,2,3 　方　慧² 　王孟来¹ 　何东升²　杨稳权^1,2　付艳红² 　李智力²

1. 云南磷化集团有限公司,云南昆明 650600;2. 武汉工程大学资源与安全工程学院,湖北武汉 430073; 3. 国家磷资源开发利用工程技术研究中心,云南昆明 650600

出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-10-09
通讯作者: 何东升(1979—),男,教授,博士,博士研究生导师。
作者简介:唐　远(1990—),男,副教授,博士,硕士研究生导师。
基金资助:
国家磷资源开发利用工程技术研究中心开放基金项目(编号:NECP2023-14);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52104263);湖北省技术创新计划重点研发专项(编号:2023BCB079);云南省技术创新中心项目(编号:202305AK340002)。

Study on Selective Inhibition Mechanism of Fulvic Acid on Flotation of Fluorapatite and Dolomite

TANG Yuan ^1,2,3 　 FANG Hui ² 　 WANG Menglai ¹ 　 HE Dongsheng ² 　 YANG Wenquan ^1,2 　 FU Yanhong ² 　 LI Zhili ²

1. Yunnan Phosphate Chemical Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Kunming 650600,China; 2. School of Resources and Safety Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430073,China; 3. National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Development & Utilization of Phosphate Resources,Kunming 650600,China

Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-10-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以氟磷灰石和白云石为对象,借助纯矿物微浮选试验,并结合动电位、接触角和红外光谱(FTIR)分析, 研究了新型抑制剂富里酸在油酸钠捕收剂体系中对氟磷灰石与白云石浮选分离的选择性作用效果。结果表明:无抑制剂存在时,氟磷灰石和白云石在油酸钠作用下均具有较高的可浮性,难以将二者分离。相较而言,在弱酸性环境条件下添加适量富里酸作抑制剂时,氟磷灰石被强烈抑制,而对白云石上浮率影响较小。在矿浆 pH 为 5、富里酸用量 15 mg / L、油酸钠用量 60 mg / L 时,二元人工混合矿浮选分离得到的精矿 P2O5 品位为 33. 86%,回收率达 92. 36%,表明矿物的选择性分离效果优异。进一步的研究表明,富里酸可与油酸钠在氟磷灰石表面发生竞争性化学吸附,氟磷灰石表面疏水性被选择性削弱,导致其可浮性显著降低,从而实现了与白云石的浮选分离。

关键词: 浮选　抑制剂　富里酸　氟磷灰石　白云石

Abstract: Using fluorapatite and dolomite as research objects,this study investigated the selective effect of the novel inhibitor fulvic acid on flotation separation between the two minerals in a sodium oleate collector system through pure mineral micro-flotation tests combined with Zeta potential,contact angle,and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses. The results showed that without inhibitors,both fluorapatite and dolomite exhibited high floatability under sodium oleate action, making their separation difficult. However,under weakly acidic conditions with appropriate fulvic acid addition,fluorapatite was strongly inhibited while maintaining higher floatability for dolomite. Optimal separation was achieved at pulp pH of 5,with fulvic acid of 15 mg / L and sodium oleate of 60 mg / L, yielding a concentrate with P2O5 grade of 33. 86% and recovery of 92. 36% from artificial binary mixed ores,demonstrating excellent selective separation. Further study revealed that fulvic acid competitively chemically adsorbed with sodium oleate on fluorapatite surfaces,selectively reducing surface hydrophobicity and significantly decreasing floatability,thereby enabling effective separation from dolomite.

Key words: flotation,depressant,filvic acid,fluorapatite,dolomite ,

中图分类号:

TD91

唐　远, 　方　慧　王孟来　何东升　杨稳权, 　付艳红　李智力. 富里酸对氟磷灰石与白云石的浮选选择性抑制机理研究 [J]. 金属矿山, 2025, 54(9): 114-120.

TANG Yuan , 　 FANG Hui 　 WANG Menglai 　 HE Dongsheng 　 YANG Wenquan , 　 FU Yanhong 　 LI Zhili . Study on Selective Inhibition Mechanism of Fulvic Acid on Flotation of Fluorapatite and Dolomite [J]. Metal Mine, 2025, 54(9): 114-120.

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