基于孔间延时优化的骨料矿山台阶爆破大块率控制

金属矿山 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (9): 143-149.

基于孔间延时优化的骨料矿山台阶爆破大块率控制

叶海旺^1,2,3 　彭　瑞¹ 　田治平⁴ 　毛　强⁴ 　王云猛⁴ 　陈　勇⁴ 　李　睿¹ 　杨　坤¹ 　余梦豪¹

1. 武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉 430070;2. 矿物资源加工与环境湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉 430070; 3. 关键非金属矿产资源绿色利用教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉 430070;4. 天津矿山工程有限公司,天津 300073

出版日期:2025-09-15 发布日期:2025-10-09
通讯作者: 余梦豪(1997—),男,博士研究生。
作者简介:叶海旺(1971—),男,教授,博士,博士研究生导师。
基金资助:
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2020YFC1909602);“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2021YFC2902901);湖北省重点研发计划项目(编号:2021BCA152)。

Large Lump Rate Control of Aggregate Mine Bench Blasting Based on Inter-hole Delay Optimization

YE Haiwang ^1,2,3 　 PENG Rui ¹ 　 TIAN Zhiping ⁴ 　 MAO Qiang ⁴ 　 WANG Yunmeng ⁴ 　 CHEN Yong ⁴ LI Rui ¹ 　 YANG Kun ¹ 　 YU Menghao ¹

1. School of Resources and Environment Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China; 2. Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment,Wuhan 430070,China; 3. Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources,Ministry of Education,Wuhan 430070,China; 4. Tianjin Mining Engineering Co. ,Ltd. ,Tianjin 300073,China

Online:2025-09-15 Published:2025-10-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 骨料矿山台阶爆破的大块率是评价爆破开采效果好坏的一个重要指标。以某凝灰岩骨料矿山为例,首先,基于现场块度分布与数值模拟分析,建立了爆破块度与岩体动力损伤关联模型;其次,以该模型为依据,选用 9、 11、13、15、17、20 ms 孔间延时分别开展裂隙岩体台阶爆破数值模拟,以降低爆破大块率为主要目的,兼顾粉矿率控制, 获取最佳的孔间延时;最后,采用模拟计算优化所得的孔间延时开展现场爆破试验。研究结果表明:爆破块度尺寸与数值模型损伤值之间存在指数函数关系;在上述延期时间中,随着孔间延期时间降低,爆破大块率逐渐减小,粉矿率逐渐增大,当孔间延期时间为 15 ms 时,爆破效果最佳。矿山现场应用结果反映出,当矿山孔间延期时间调整为 15 ms 后,爆破大块率降低了 13. 73 个百分点,粉矿率增加了 0. 73 个百分点,平均破碎尺寸相应减小。

关键词: 骨料矿山　大块率　孔间延期时间　岩体损伤　数值模拟

Abstract: The large lump rate of aggregate mine bench blasting is an important indicator for evaluating the effectiveness of mining blasting. Taking a tuff aggregate mine as an example,firstly,a blasting block size and rock dynamic damage correlation model was established based on field block size distribution and numerical simulation analysis. Secondly,based on this correlation model,numerical simulations of bench blasting in cracked rock mass were carried out with inter-hole delay times of 9 ms,11 ms,13 ms,15 ms,17 ms,and 20 ms respectively,with the main purpose of reducing the large lump rate and taking into account the control of powder ore rate to obtain the best inter-hole delay. Finally,field blasting tests were conducted with the optimized inter-hole delay obtained by the simulation calculation. The results show that there is an exponential function relationship between the blasting block size and the damage value from numerical simulation. In the above delay time,with interhole delay time decreases,the large lump rate gradually decreases and the powder rate gradually increases. When the inter-hole delay time is 15 ms,the blasting effect is the best. The results of mine field application show that when the inter-hole delay time is adjusted to 15 ms,the blasting large lump rate is reduced by 13. 73 percentage points,the powder ore rate increases by 0. 73 percentage points,and the average crushing size is reduced correspondingly.

Key words: aggregate mine,large lump rate,inter-hole delay time,rock damage,numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TD235

叶海旺, 　彭　瑞　田治平　毛　强　王云猛　陈　勇　李　睿　杨　坤　余梦豪. 基于孔间延时优化的骨料矿山台阶爆破大块率控制 [J]. 金属矿山, 2025, 54(9): 143-149.

YE Haiwang , 　 PENG Rui 　 TIAN Zhiping 　 MAO Qiang 　 WANG Yunmeng 　 CHEN Yong 　 LI Rui 　 YANG Kun 　 YU Menghao . Large Lump Rate Control of Aggregate Mine Bench Blasting Based on Inter-hole Delay Optimization [J]. Metal Mine, 2025, 54(9): 143-149.

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