“ U” 型沟谷的山谷型尾矿库漫顶溃坝浆体流动规律研究#br#

金属矿山 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (2): 229-235.

“ U” 型沟谷的山谷型尾矿库漫顶溃坝浆体流动规律研究#br#

王金宝¹　王睿齐¹　刘雨婷¹　傅　灿²　王惠民¹　罗玉龙¹

1. 河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京 210024;2. 昆明有色冶金设计研究院股份公司,云南昆明 650051

出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-03-04
通讯作者: 傅　灿(1983—),男,高级工程师,硕士。
作者简介:王金宝(2001—),男,硕士研究生。
基金资助:
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2017YFC1502603);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51679070);中铝国际2023 年度重点研发
项目(编号:RD23-002)。

Study on the Flow Law of Overtopping Dam-break Slurry in Valley Tailings Reservoir of U-type Gully

WANG Jinbao¹　WANG Ruiqi¹　LIU Yuting¹　FU Can²　WANG Huimin¹　LUO Yulong¹

1. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210024,China;
2. Kunming Engineering & Research Institute of Nonferrous Metallurgy Co. ,Ltd. ,Kunming 650051,China

Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-03-04

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 山谷型尾矿库洪水漫顶溃坝浆体的流动规律受沟谷地形影响显著,目前研究多侧重于“V”型沟谷,而对
“U”型沟谷研究较少。为探讨“U”型沟谷的山谷型尾矿库漫顶溃坝浆体流动规律,依托某实际工程建立了精细化的
三维溃坝有限元模型,研究了溃口位置、溃口大小对溃坝浆体流动规律的影响。研究表明:“U”型沟谷条件下溃坝浆
体下泄过程可分为启动、流通与流动渐止3 个阶段,相较于“V”型沟谷,浆体横向扩展能力显著增强,淹没范围呈扇形
趋势展开;“U”型沟谷尾矿库溃口大小一定时,溃口位于河床位置,浆体下泄动能更大,是溃坝最不利工况;溃口位置
一定时,随着溃口宽度增大,对下游造成的影响有明显增大趋势。研究成果为类似尾矿库的风险防控与应急预案编
制提供了理论参考。

关键词: 尾矿库　漫顶溃坝　“U”型沟谷　数值模拟　流动规律

Abstract: The flow law of flood overtopping dam-break slurry in valley-type tailings reservoir is significantly affected by
valley topography. At present,most of the research focuses on V-type valleys,while there are few studies on U-type valleys. In
order to explore the flow law of overtopping dam-break slurry in valley-type tailings reservoir with U-shaped valley,a refined
three-dimensional dam-break finite element model was established based on a practical project,and the influence of dam-break
location and size on the flow law of dam-break slurry was studied. The results show that the discharge process of dam-break
slurry under the condition of U-shaped gully can be divided into three stages:start-up,circulation and gradual flow. Compared
with V-shaped gully,the lateral expansion ability of slurry is significantly enhanced,and the submerged range shows a fanshaped
trend. When the breach size of the U type gully tailings reservoir is constant,the breach is located in the riverbed position,
and the kinetic energy of the slurry is greater,which is the most unfavorable working condition of the dam break. When the
breach position is fixed,with the increase of the breach width,the impact on the downstream has a significant increasing trend.
The research results provide a theoretical reference for risk prevention and control and emergency plan preparation of similar
tailings reservoirs.

Key words: tailings reservoir,overtopping dam-break,U-type gully,numerical simulation,flow law

中图分类号:

TD77+ 1

王金宝　王睿齐　刘雨婷　傅　灿　王惠民　罗玉龙. “ U” 型沟谷的山谷型尾矿库漫顶溃坝浆体流动规律研究#br#[J]. 金属矿山, 2026, 55(2): 229-235.

WANG Jinbao　WANG Ruiqi　LIU Yuting　FU Can　WANG Huimin　LUO Yulong. Study on the Flow Law of Overtopping Dam-break Slurry in Valley Tailings Reservoir of U-type Gully[J]. Metal Mine, 2026, 55(2): 229-235.

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