不同压实条件下排土场矿渣的水力特性研究

金属矿山 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (2): 40-46.

不同压实条件下排土场矿渣的水力特性研究

王　博^1,2　赵治海¹　古　港¹　黄　鑫¹　段　旭³　屈　进⁴

1. 西北综合勘察设计研究院,陕西西安 710003;2. 长安大学公路学院,陕西西安 710054;
3. 西安科技大学建筑与土木工程学院,陕西西安 710054;4. 金堆城钼业股份有限公司矿山分公司,陕西渭南 714000

出版日期:2026-02-15 发布日期:2026-03-02
通讯作者: 赵治海(1968—),男,正高级工程师。
作者简介:王　博(1986—),男,正高级工程师。
基金资助:
陕西省科技创新团队(编号:2021TD-55)。

Study on Hydraulic Characteristics of Slag in Dump under Different Compaction Conditions

WANG Bo^1,2　ZHAO Zhihai¹　GU Gang¹　HUANG Xin¹　DUAN Xu³　QU Jin⁴

1. Northwest Research Institute of Engineering Investigations and Design,Xi′an 710003,China;2. School of Highway,
Chang′an University,Xi′an 710054,China;3. School of Architectural and Civil Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and
Technology,Xi'an 710054,China;4. Mining Branch,Jinduicheng Molybdenum Co. ,Ltd. ,Weinan 714000,China

Online:2026-02-15 Published:2026-03-02

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 排土场矿渣的水力特性是影响其边坡稳定性及工后沉降发展的关键因素,目前对矿渣材料在压实状态
下的水力特性仍缺乏系统认知。以某露天矿排土场矿渣为研究对象,通过变水头渗透试验与压力板仪试验,测定了
不同压实条件下矿渣的饱和渗透系数与土水特征曲线,并基于Childs & Collis-George 模型预测了其非饱和渗透系数。
研究发现:随矿渣干密度增大,其孔隙结构趋于密实,导致饱和渗透系数显著降低;矿渣干密度自1. 50 g/ cm3 增至
1. 90 g/ cm3 时,渗透系数下降99. 63%;同一基质吸力下,较高干密度试样具有更强的持水能力,其土水特征曲线可良
好吻合Van Genuchten 模型,相关系数可达0. 996 以上。非饱和渗透系数随干密度增大而减小;干密度从1. 60 g/ cm3
增至1. 80 g/ cm3 时,渗透系数由2. 0×10-4 cm/ s 降至7. 0×10-5 cm/ s;并随基质吸力升高呈幂函数式衰减;吸力从0. 01
kPa 增至400 kPa 时,渗透系数降低3 个数量级。本研究从微观孔隙演变与宏观水力响应角度揭示了压实程度对矿渣
水力特性的影响机制,建议在实际工程中通过控制压实质量以优化排土场渗流稳定性。研究成果可为排土场边坡设
计与长期安全评估提供理论支撑与实践指导。

Abstract: The hydraulic characteristics of slag in dump are the key factors affecting the stability of slope and the development
of post-construction settlement. At present,there is still a lack of systematic understanding of the hydraulic characteristics
of slag materials in compacted state. Taking the slag of an open-pit mine dump as the research object,the saturated permeability
coefficient and soil-water characteristic curve of slag under different compaction conditions were measured by variable
head permeability test and pressure plate instrument test,and the unsaturated permeability coefficient was predicted based on
the Childs & Collis-George model. It is found that with the increase of dry density of slag,its pore structure tends to be dense,
resulting in a significant decrease in saturated permeability coefficient. When the dry density of slag increased from 1. 50
g/ cm3 to 1. 90 g/ cm3,the permeability coefficient decreased by 99. 63%. Under the same matric suction,the higher dry density
sample has stronger water holding capacity,and its soil water characteristic curve can be well fitted with the Van Genuchten
model,and the correlation coefficient can reach more than 0. 996. The saturated permeability coefficient decreases with the increase
of dry density. When the dry density increased from 1. 60 g/ cm3 to 1. 80 g/ cm3,the permeability coefficient decreased
from 2. 0×10-4 cm/ s to 7. 0×10-5 cm/ s. And it decays in power function with the increase of matrix suction. When the suction
increases from 0. 01 kPa to 400 kPa,the permeability coefficient decreases by three orders of magnitude. This study reveals the
influence mechanism of compaction degree on the hydraulic characteristics of slag from the perspective of microscopic pore evolution
and macroscopic hydraulic response. It is suggested that the seepage stability of dump can be optimized by controlling the
compaction quality in practical engineering. The research results can provide theoretical support and practical guidance for
dump slope design and long-term safety assessment.

中图分类号:

TD824

王　博, 　赵治海　古　港　黄　鑫　段　旭　屈　进. 不同压实条件下排土场矿渣的水力特性研究[J]. 金属矿山, 2026, 55(2): 40-46.

WANG Bo, 　ZHAO Zhihai　GU Gang　HUANG Xin　DUAN Xu　QU Jin. Study on Hydraulic Characteristics of Slag in Dump under Different Compaction Conditions[J]. Metal Mine, 2026, 55(2): 40-46.

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