Abstract: In view of the problem that the traditional "one excavation and one masonry" construction process of shafts is
difficult to guarantee the safety and high-quality construction requirements of ultra-deep shafts,resulting in the difficulty in preventing
and controlling ground pressure disasters during the construction process,taking the construction of the 2,005-meter
auxiliary shaft of Sanshandao Gold Mine as the engineering background and based on the theory of elastic-plastic mechanics,
the mechanical response characteristics of the surrounding rock of the shaft are studied. The failure mode and range of the plastic
zone of the surrounding rock of the shaft were analyzed by means of theoretical calculation,numerical simulation and on-site
measurement. To alleviate or eliminate the influence of ground pressure in ultra-deep shafts on the stability of the surrounding
rock of the shaft,the theory and construction technology of advanced sequential pressure relief for ultra-deep shafts are proposed.
By increasing the reasonable distance between the concrete shaft lining and the shaft excavation working face,and adopting
pressure relief blasting,energy release support and adjusting the lining time,the high stress accumulated in the surrounding
rock of the shaft is fully released from the dimensions of time and space. The research results show that when the distance between
the concrete shaft lining and the tunneling face of the shaft reaches 12 meters,the failure depth of the surrounding rock
of the shaft is reduced by 49% to 62%,meeting the requirements of safe,stable and high-quality construction of ultra-deep
shafts and ensuring the long-term stability of ultra-deep shafts.