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金属矿山 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (3): 34-41.

• 采矿工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

复杂条件下崩落法双水平安全高效协同开采方案研究及应用

秦国玉1 谭宝会2 龚 臻1 李 海1 张刚刚1 何建元1 粟登峰2 胡颖鹏2   

  1. 1. 金川集团镍钴股份有限公司龙首矿,甘肃 金昌 737100;2. 西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川 绵阳 621010
  • 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-03-31
  • 通讯作者: 谭宝会(1988—),男,副教授,博士,硕士研究生导师。
  • 作者简介:秦国玉(1979—),男,高级工程师,硕士。
  • 基金资助:
    四川省自然科学基金项目(青年科学基金项目)(编号:2022NSFSC1089);镍钴资源综合利用国家重点实验室开放课题(编号:GZSYSKY-
    2021-022);西南科技大学博士基金项目(编号:21zx7157)。

Research and Application of the Dual-Level Collaborative Mining Scheme Based on Caving  Method under Complex Conditions

QIN Guoyu1 TAN Baohui2 GONG Zhen1 LI Hai1 ZHANG Ganggang1 HE Jianyuan1 SU Dengfeng2 HU Yinpeng2#br#   

  1. 1. Longshou Mine,Jinchuan Group Ni-Co Co. ,Ltd. ,Jinchang 737100,China;2. School of Environment and Resource,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China
  • Online:2026-03-15 Published:2026-03-31

摘要: 在复杂开采条件下如何进一步提升无底柱分段崩落法的适用性是矿业领域永恒的追求目标。金川龙
首矿西二采区在由胶结充填法转为无底柱分段崩落法过程中,面临原充填法采场遗留大量废弃工程严重影响无底柱
分段崩落法正常开采这一复杂技术难题。结合矿山现场实际情况和无底柱分段崩落法的采矿特点,研究提出了单水
平开采、回填废弃工程+单水平开采以及返修废弃工程+双水平协同开采3 种技术方案,经过方案比选后推荐采用返
修废弃工程+双水平协同开采方案。采用物理放矿模拟试验设置了4 组试验方案对返修废弃工程+双水平协同开采
方案的爆破顺序和出矿顺序进一步展开了研究。4 组放矿试验结果表明,当上部作业水平超前于下部作业水平1 排
爆破,且在下部作业水平完成所有出矿作业时能够获得最优的矿石回采效果,试验得到该方案的矿石回采率为
76. 5%,贫化率为18. 0%。最后以上水平崩矿、下水平聚矿为原则确定了双水平协同开采方案具体的布孔方式及爆破
参数,并在现场开展了工业试验。结果反映出,该方案在整个实施过程中保持了采矿作业的安全稳定,最终取得了贫
化率14. 6%、回采率80. 3%的优秀指标。研究结果可为类似崩落法矿山在废弃工程干扰采矿作业工况下的安全高效
生产提供技术参考。

Abstract: How to further enhance the applicability of the sublevel caving method under complex mining conditions is an
eternal pursuit goal in the mining field. During the transition from the cemented filling method to the sublevel caving method in
the West Ⅱ mining area of Jinchuan Longshou Mine,a complex technical problem arose where the abandoned roadways left over
from the original filling stope seriously affected the normal mining of the sublevel caving method. Based on the actual situation
of the mine site and the mining characteristics of the sublevel caving mining method,three technical solutions,namely single-
level drilling scheme,backfilling of abandoned roadways & single-level drilling scheme and reconstruction of abandoned
roadways & dual-level collaborative mining scheme,were proposed. After comparing these schemes,it was concluded that the
reconstruction of abandoned roadways & dual-level collaborative mining scheme could best ensure the ore recovery effect.
Through physical simulation experiments,further research was conducted on the blasting sequence and ore extraction sequence
of the repairing of abandoned roadways & dual-level collaborative mining scheme. The results of four experiments showed that
when the upper mining level was 1 row ahead of the lower mining level and all ore extraction operations were completed in the
lower mining level,the optimal ore recovery effect could be achieved. The experiments results indicated that the ore recovery rate was 76. 5% and the dilution rate was 18. 0% for this scheme. Finally,based on the principle of top-level caving and bottom-
level concentrating,the specific blast hole layout and blasting parameters of the reconstruction of abandoned roadways &
dual-level collaborative mining scheme were determined,and an industrial test was carried out on-site. During the entire implementation
process,this scheme maintained the safety and stability of the mining operation and ultimately achieved excellent indicators
with a dilution rate of 14. 6% and an ore recovery rate of 80. 3%. The research findings can provide technical reference
for the safe and efficient production of similar caving mines under the condition of mining operations being interfered by abandoned
workings.

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