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金属矿山 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (3): 42-54.

• 采矿工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

多源融合的深井采矿岩爆预测评价方法研究

熊晓晨1 陈 翔2 胡军生1 朱 瑾3 金长宇4 王胜建1   

  1. 1. 鞍山五矿陈台沟矿业有限公司,辽宁 鞍山 114051;2. 五矿矿业控股有限公司,安徽 合肥 230000;3. 水资源与水电工程
    科学国家重点实验室,湖北 武汉 430072;4. 深部金属矿智能开采与装备全国重点实验室,辽宁 沈阳 110819
  • 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-03-31
  • 作者简介:熊晓晨(1994—),男,工程师。
  • 基金资助:
    “十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2023YFC2907204)。

Research on the Prediction and Evaluation Method of Rockburst in Deep Mining with Multi Source Fusion

XIONG Xiaochen1 CHEN Xiang2 HU Junsheng1 ZHU Jin3 JIN Changyu4 WANG Shengjian1   

  1. 1. Anshan Chentaigou Mining Co. ,Ltd. ,China Minmetals Corporation,Anshan 114051,China;2. Minmetals Mining Holdings Limited,
    Hefei 230000,China;3. State Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Science,Wuhan 430072,China;
    4. State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Deep Metal Mining and Equipment,Shenyang 110819,China
  • Online:2026-03-15 Published:2026-03-31

摘要: 深部资源开采已逐步成为矿产资源开发行业的新常态,其岩爆灾害亟待深入研究。以国内某深部铁矿
为例,将实测地应力分析、理论模型推导、数字建模模拟和岩爆应力判据相结合,提出了一种多源融合的岩爆评价方
法。首先进行了矿区地应力测试,明确了最大主应力值以及最大水平主地应力的优势方向,对该矿2 个中段开采的岩
爆风险进行了总体评价;然后根据理论模型推导得出岩爆的影响因素,并对深部开采矿房(1 000 m 以下)与浅部开采
矿房(1 000 m 以上)建立数值模型,模拟了不同埋深矿房的开采过程,并对位移、应力以及塑性区等进行了量化分析
对比;最后结合数值模拟结果和岩爆应力判据对不同埋深采场的岩爆风险进行了综合评价。结果表明:当埋深由
-780 m 中段增大至-1 020 m 中段时,矿房顶板、底板以及边墙的位移均呈增大趋势,增幅约30%;在稳定性方面,矿
柱位移和塑性区面积也在增大,增幅分别为22. 89%和122. 65%;随着矿房顶板和边墙的最大主应力增大,也进一步
加大了发生岩爆的风险。综合基于实测地应力的岩爆风险总体评价以及基于数值模拟和应力判据的岩爆风险性评
价结果可知,-780 m 中段矿房顶板和边墙均无岩爆;-1 020 m 中段矿房顶板存在轻微岩爆,矿房边墙无岩爆。

Abstract: Deep resource mining has gradually become the new normal in the mineral resource development industry,and
its rockburst disasters require in-depth research. Taking a domestic deep iron ore mine as an example,this study integrates
measured in-situ stress analysis,theoretical model derivation,digital modeling simulation,and rockburst stress criteria to propose
a multi-source fusion-based rockburst evaluation method. Firstly,in-situ stress testing was conducted in the mining area to
determine the maximum principal stress value and the dominant direction of the maximum horizontal principal in-situ stress.
This allowed for an overall assessment of the rockburst risk in the mining of two levels at this mine. Subsequently,influencing
factors of rockburst were derived based on theoretical model analysis,and digital models were established for deep mining
stopes (below 1,000 m) and shallow mining stopes (above 1,000 m). The mining processes of stopes at different burial
depths were simulated,with quantitative analysis and comparisons made regarding displacement,stress,and plastic zones. Finally,
a comprehensive evaluation of rockburst risk for stopes at different burial depths was performed by integrating numerical
simulation results and rockburst stress criteria. The results indicate that as the burial depth increases from the -780 m level to
the -1,020 m level,displacements in the stope roof,floor,and sidewalls all show an increasing trend,with an approximate increase
of about 30%. In terms of stability,displacements in the pillars and the area of the plastic zones also increase,with
growth rates of 22. 89% and 122. 65%,respectively. Additionally,as the maximum principal stress in the stope roof and sidewalls
increases,the risk of rockburst further escalates. Based on the comprehensive evaluation results of rockburst risk derived
from measured in-situ stress analysis,as well as the evaluation results of rockburst risk using numerical simulations and stress
criteria,it is concluded that no rockburst occurs in the roof and sidewalls of stopes at the -780 m level. In contrast,slight rock
burst is observed in the roof of stopes at the -1,020 m level,while no rockburst occurs in the sidewalls.

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