复杂采空区群稳定性协同评价与冒落灾害防控研究

金属矿山 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (8): 196-.

• 安全与环保 • 上一篇

复杂采空区群稳定性协同评价与冒落灾害防控研究

史志强^1,2杨天鸿¹　黄建君³赏克强⁴焦诗卉¹赵　永¹

1.东北大学资源与土木工程学院,辽宁沈阳 110819;2.辽宁中金黄金有限责任公司,辽宁沈阳 110011; 3.昆明有色冶金设计研究院股份有限公司,云南昆明 650000;4.玉溪大红山矿业有限公司,云南玉溪 653400

出版日期:2026-08-15 发布日期:2026-09-08
通讯作者: 杨天鸿(1968—),男,教授,博士,博士研究生导师。
作者简介:史志强(1993—),男,工程师,硕士。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号:52374157)。

Study on Collaborative Evaluation of Stability of Complex Goaf Group and Prevention and Control of Caving Disaster

SHI Zhiqiang^1,2　YANG Tianhong¹　HUANG Jianjun³SHANG Keqiang⁴　JIAO Shihui¹　ZHAO Yong¹

1.School of Resources and Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China; 2.Liaoning Zhongjin Gold Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110011,China;3.Kunming Engineering & Research Institute of Nonferrous Metallurgy Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650000,China;4.Yuxi Dahongshan Mining Co.,Ltd.,Yuxi 653400,China

Online:2026-08-15 Published:2026-09-08

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 地下复杂采空区群稳定性评价及其动力灾害防控是深部矿产资源安全开采面临的共性难题。针对大规模、不规则采空区群系统失稳风险难以精准判识的技术难题,提出了一种融合改进Mathews稳定图法与FLAC3D数值模拟的协同评价方案。首先,基于现场精细调查与岩体力学参数,采用改进Mathews稳定图法对采空区进行初步稳定性分级。构建反映采空区群空间关联特征的三维数值模型,模拟分析采动影响下应力—位移场的演化规律及塑性区的扩展连通机制。通过2种方法的相互验证,揭示空区群失稳的空间聚集性与非线性演化特征,圈定出失稳高风险区。最后,基于冲击气浪动力学理论,提出“缓冲层消能+阻波墙隔离”的协同灾害防控方案,并给出了关键参数的理论计算模型。以大红山铁矿Ⅲ-Ⅳ矿体复杂采空区群为工程背景,运用所提出的技术方法圈定出17个采空区为失稳高风险区,并制定了预留废石垫层+构筑混凝土阻波墙的灾害防控方案。该研究形成的“风险精准识别—机制深度解析—分级靶向防控”技术体系,为同类矿山复杂空区群治理提供了普适性的理论依据与技术路径,对保障深部资源安全回采具有重要借鉴价值。

关键词: 复杂采空区群　, Mathews稳定图　, 数值模拟　, 稳定性评价　, 冲击气浪　, 灾害防控

Abstract: The stability evaluation of underground complex goaf group and its dynamic disaster prevention and control are the common problems faced by the safe mining of deep mineral resources.Aiming at the technical problem that it is difficult to accurately identify the instability risk of large-scale and irregular goaf group system,a collaborative evaluation scheme combi ning improved Mathews stability diagram method and FLAC3D numerical simulation is proposed.Firstly,based on the fine field investigation and rock mechanics parameters,the improved Mathews stability diagram method is used to classify the initial sta bility of the goaf.A three-dimensional numerical model reflecting the spatial correlation characteristics of goaf group is con structed to simulate and analyze the evolution law of stress-displacement field and the expansion and connection mechanism of plastic zone under the influence of mining.Through the mutual verification of the two methods,the spatial aggregation and non linear evolution characteristics of the cavity group instability are revealed,and the high-risk area of instability is delineated.Fi nally,based on the theory of impact wave dynamics,a coordinated disaster prevention and control scheme of "buffer layer ener gy dissipation + wave barrier isolation" is proposed,and the theoretical calculation model of key parameters is given.Taking the complex goaf group of III-IV ore body in Dahongshan Iron Mine as the engineering background,17 goaf areas are delineated as high risk areas of instability by using the proposed technical method,and the disaster prevention and control scheme of re serving waste rock cushion + building concrete wave wall is formulated.The technical system of "precise risk identification deep mechanism analysis-hierarchical targeted prevention and control" formed by this study provides a universal theoretical ba sis and technical path for the treatment of complex goaf groups in similar mines,and has important reference value for ensuring thesafeminingofdeepresources.

Key words: complexgoaf group,Mathews stabilitygraph,numerical simulation,stabilityevaluation,shockwave,disaster prevention

中图分类号:

TD323

史志强, 杨天鸿, 黄建君, 赏克强, 焦诗卉, 赵　永, . 复杂采空区群稳定性协同评价与冒落灾害防控研究[J]. 金属矿山, 2026, 55(8): 196-.

SHI Zhiqiang, YANG Tianhong, HUANG Jianjun, SHANG Keqiang, JIAO Shihui, ZHAO Yong, . Study on Collaborative Evaluation of Stability of Complex Goaf Group and Prevention and Control of Caving Disaster[J]. Metal Mine, 2026, 55(8): 196-.

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复杂采空区群稳定性协同评价与冒落灾害防控研究

Study on Collaborative Evaluation of Stability of Complex Goaf Group and Prevention and Control of Caving Disaster

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