生态网络构建视角下矿山生态修复重点区域识别
———以辽宁省建平县为例

金属矿山 ›› 2024, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (3): 258-.

生态网络构建视角下矿山生态修复重点区域识别 ———以辽宁省建平县为例

潘　彬1　赵艳玲1,2　王少卿1　李歆爽1　何金怡1　陈春芳1,2
(1.

1. 中国矿业大学(北京) 地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京 100083; 2. 中国矿业大学 (北京) 土地复垦与生态重建研究所,北京 100083

出版日期:2023-03-15 发布日期:2024-04-25
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42071250)。

Identification of Key Areas of Mine Ecological Restoration from the Perspective of Ecological Network Construction:A Case Study of Jianping County,Liaoning Province

PAN Bin1　ZHAO Yanling1,2　WANG Shaoqing1　LI Xinshuang1　HE Jinyi1　CHEN Chunfang1,2

1. College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China; 2. Institute of Land Reclamation and Ecological Rehabilitation,China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing,Beijing 100083,China

Online:2023-03-15 Published:2024-04-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采矿业是矿业城市经济来源的重要组成部分,对矿山进行系统的开发和修复是矿业城市生态安全的关键问题。立足于宏观视角下的矿山开采与修复,旨在通过生态网络构建识别出建平县矿山生态修复的重点区域。运用生境质量模型、生态系统服务价值评价识别生态源地。综合考虑自然因素、干扰因素、国土空间三线、矿山开采风险 4 个方面因素构建和修正阻力面。采用最小累积阻力模型(Minimum Cumulative Resistance Model,MCR)提取生态廊道,并结合生态廊道及其缓冲范围内的矿山类型、开采方式等因素,实现矿山开采风险分区,明确矿山开采和修复优先级。结果表明:① 研究区共有生态源地28 处,共计面积1 139. 53 km2,提取生态廊道1 006 km。② 矿山开采低、中、高风险区内分别包含生产矿山和废弃矿山的面积分别为17. 92、10. 62、25. 77 km2 和22. 5、14. 10、21. 93 km2。 ③ 按照矿山空间分布对生态网络的影响程度,划分了生产矿山开采优先级和废弃矿山修复优先级分区;其中,优先开采区、限制开采区、禁止开采区内包含的生产矿山面积分别为17. 93、11. 80、23. 63 km2,极重要修复区、重要修复区、一般修复区内包含的废弃矿山面积分别为19. 79、16. 55、22. 48 km2。根据以上分析,提出了矿山开采前、开采中以及开采后的相关监管策略和建议。

关键词: 矿山生态修复　生态网络　生态源地识别　矿山阻力面　修复策略

Abstract: The mining industry is an important part of the economic sources of resource-based city,and the development and restoration of mines is a key issue for the ecological security of resource-based city. This article is based on the perspective of mining and restoration of mines. It aims to identify the key areas of Jianping County′s mining ecological restoration through the construction of the ecological network. Using habitat quality model and ecosystem service value evaluation to identify ecological sources. The resistance surface is constructed and corrected by comprehensively considering the four aspects factors of natural factors,interference factors,the three controlled lines and mining risks. Ecological corridors were extracted using the minimum cumulative resistance model (MCR). Combined with the mine type,mining method and other factors within the ecological corridor and its buffer range,delineate the mining risk zonings,and clarify the priority of mine mining and restoration. The results showed that:① There were 28 ecological sources in the study area,with a total area of 1 139. 53 km2,and 1 006 km of ecological corridors were extracted. ② The low,medium and high risk areas of mining include production mines and closed mines respectively with an area of 17. 92、10. 62、25. 77 km2 and 22. 5、14. 10、21. 93 km2. ③ According to the degree of influence of the spatial distribution of mines on the ecological network,the mining priority of production mines and the restoration priority of closed mines are divided. Among them,priority mining area,restricted mining areas,the mining area is prohibited include production mine areas of 17. 93,11. 80,and 23. 63 km2,respectively. The very important restoration area,the im-portant restoration area,and general restoration area include closed mine areas of 19. 79 km2,16. 55 km2,and 22. 48 km2,respectively. Based on the above results,relevant regulation strategies and suggestions are put forward for three stages of mining.

Key words: mine ecological restoration,ecological network,ecological sources,mining resistance surface,repair strategy

潘　彬, 赵艳玲, 王少卿, 李歆爽, 何金怡, 陈春芳. 生态网络构建视角下矿山生态修复重点区域识别 ———以辽宁省建平县为例[J]. 金属矿山, 2024, 53(3): 258-.

PAN Bin, ZHAO Yanling, WANG Shaoqing, LI Xinshuang, HE Jinyi, CHEN Chunfang. Identification of Key Areas of Mine Ecological Restoration from the Perspective of Ecological Network Construction:A Case Study of Jianping County,Liaoning Province[J]. Metal Mine, 2024, 53(3): 258-.

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