重叠上穿隧道底板孔爆破对下方隧道损伤影响研究

金属矿山 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (6): 230-240.

重叠上穿隧道底板孔爆破对下方隧道损伤影响研究

周　航　冉正熙　温　蓬　蒲传金　肖定军　林谋金　杨　鑫

西南科技大学环境与资源学院,四川绵阳 621010

出版日期:2025-06-15 发布日期:2025-07-09
通讯作者: 杨　鑫(1988—),男,副教授,博士,硕士研究生导师。
作者简介:周　航(2001—),男,硕士研究生。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:12172313);鄂尔多斯市科技计划资助项目(编号:YF20240024);工程材料与结构冲击振动四川省重点实验室开放基金项目(编号:20kfgk02);西南科技大学博士基金项目(编号:23zx7176)。

Study on the Damage Effects of Floor Hole Blasting in Vertically Overlapping Upper-Crossing Tunnels on Underlying Tunnels

ZHOU Hang　 RAN Zhengxi　 WEN Peng　 PU Chuanjin　 XIAO Dingjun　 LIN Moujin　 YANG Xin

School of Environment and Resource,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Mianyang 621010,China

Online:2025-06-15 Published:2025-07-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为研究新建重叠上穿隧道爆破开挖对下方既有隧道围岩造成的损伤与破坏,采用物理试验和数值模拟方法分析了新建隧道底板孔爆破位置和两隧道间距对既有隧道的破坏规律。试验与模拟结果均表明既有隧道损伤主要出现在隧道顶部及其两底角处。隧道顶部损伤主要以层裂裂纹和径向裂纹为主。对既有隧道两底角裂纹扩展结果分析发现:① 新建隧道中心底板孔和左侧底板孔起爆后,既有隧道两底角分别呈现出对称、非对称“八”字形裂纹扩展形貌;② 中心底板孔起爆时下方隧道两底角裂纹长度随隧道间距增加而整体上都呈现下降趋势,左底角炮孔起爆时下方隧道左底角裂纹长度则多数大于右底角裂纹长度;③ 数值分析进一步表明,两隧道间距离大小对既有隧道底角受力和裂纹起裂有显著影响,随着间距增大,既有隧道底角受力和裂纹起裂应力呈非线性变化,适当的间距可优化重叠隧道施工结构以提高安全性。数值模拟与试验在现象和规律上的吻合在一定程度上验证了结果可靠性,研究结果对既有隧道合理支护和新建隧道安全爆破施工具有一定的借鉴意义。

关键词: 隧道掘进, 　爆破施工, 　既有隧道, 　爆生裂纹, 　裂纹扩展角

Abstract: In order to study the damage and failure of the surrounding rock of the existing tunnel caused by the blasting excavation of the new overlapping tunnel,the physical test and numerical simulation methods were used to analyze the damage law of the blasting position of the floor hole of the new tunnel and the distance between the two tunnels to the existing tunnel. Both the test and simulation results show that the existing tunnel damage mainly occurs at the top of the tunnel and its two bottom corners. The damage at the top of the tunnel is mainly composed of spallation cracks and radial cracks. Through the analysis of the crack propagation results of the two bottom corners of the existing tunnel,it is found that:① After the initiation of the central bottom hole and the left bottom hole of the new tunnel,the two bottom corners of the existing tunnel show symmetrical and asymmetrical ′八′ shape crack propagation morphology respectively. ② When the central bottom hole is detonated,the length of the two bottom corner cracks in the lower tunnel decreases with the increase of the tunnel spacing. When the left bottom hole is detonated,the length of the left bottom corner crack in the lower tunnel is mostly greater than the length of the right bottom corner crack. ③ The numerical analysis further shows that the distance between the two tunnels has a significant effect on the bottom corner force and crack initiation of the existing tunnel. With the increase of the spacing,the bottom corner force and crack initiation stress of the existing tunnel change nonlinearly. The appropriate spacing can optimize the construction structure of the overlapping tunnel to improve the safety. The coincidence of numerical simulation and experiment in phenomena and laws verifies the reliability of the results to a certain extent. The research results have certain reference significance for the reasonable support of existing tunnels and the safe blasting construction of new tunnels.

Key words: tunnel driving,blast construction,existing tunnel,blasting crack,crack growth angle

中图分类号:

TD263

周　航, 　冉正熙, 　温　蓬, 　蒲传金, 　肖定军, 　林谋金, 　杨　鑫. 重叠上穿隧道底板孔爆破对下方隧道损伤影响研究[J]. 金属矿山, 2025, 54(6): 230-240.

ZHOU Hang, 　 RAN Zhengxi, 　 WEN Peng, 　 PU Chuanjin, 　 XIAO Dingjun, 　 LIN Moujin, 　 YANG Xin. Study on the Damage Effects of Floor Hole Blasting in Vertically Overlapping Upper-Crossing Tunnels on Underlying Tunnels [J]. Metal Mine, 2025, 54(6): 230-240.

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