基于 FSWT-FDM 的露天矿爆破振动信号分解方法

金属矿山 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (7): 106-113.

基于 FSWT-FDM 的露天矿爆破振动信号分解方法

孙　冰¹ 　宋良灵¹ 　曾　晟² 　尹　裕^2,3 　罗志业⁴

1. 南华大学土木工程学院,湖南衡阳 421001;2. 南华大学资源环境与安全工程学院,湖南衡阳 421001; 3. 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司,安徽马鞍山 243000;4. 广西有色勘察设计研究院,广西南宁 530031

出版日期:2025-07-15 发布日期:2025-08-12
通讯作者: 曾　晟(1977—),男,教授,博士,博士研究生导师。
作者简介:孙　冰(1979—),女,教授,博士,硕士研究生导师。
基金资助:
湖南省自然科学基金项目(编号:2021JJ30575);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(编号:QL20210225,CX20200916)。

Blasting Vibration Signal Decomposition Method for Open-pit Mine Based on FSWT-FDM

SUN Bing ¹ 　 SONG Liangling ¹ 　 ZENG Sheng ² 　 YIN Yu ^2,3 　 LUO Zhiye ⁴

1. School of Civil Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China; 2. School of Resources Environment and Safety Engineering,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China; 3. Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co. ,Ltd. ,Maanshan 243000,China; 4. Guangxi Nonferrous Surver and Design Institute,Nanning 530031,China

Online:2025-07-15 Published:2025-08-12

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对高采样率下的爆破振动信号在采用傅里叶分解方法(Fourier Decomposition Method,FDM)处理时出现过度分解的问题,利用频率切片小波变换(Frequency Slice Wavelet Transform,FSWT)能提取任意频域信号的特点,提出了 FSWT 与 FDM 耦合的爆破振动信号 FSWT-FDM 分解方法。采用正余弦函数模拟爆破振动信号,验证 FSWT-FDM 方法对信号的分解效果,并与 FDM 方法进行了对比。结果表明:与直接对信号进行 FDM 分解相比,采用 FSWT-FDM 方法的无效信号分量大幅减少,程序运行效率增加;使用 FSWT 提取的优势频带信号可以进一步进行傅里叶分解,且产生的信号分量与直接进行傅里叶分解的有效信号分量一致;以信号分量的相关系数和能量占比筛选出重构分量, 重构信号的总能量、峰值振动速度、最大误差等指标证明 FSWT-FDM 方法有效保留了原始信号特征信息。通过对实测露天矿爆破振动信号的分析,验证了 FSWT-FDM 方法在保留原始信号时频特征的同时,减少了信号分解时的无效信号分量,为露天矿爆破振动信号分解提供了新思路。

关键词: 露天爆破　爆破振动信号　 FDM　 FSWT　优势频带信号

Abstract: Aiming at the problem of over-decomposition of blasting vibration signals under high sampling rate when Fourier decomposition method (FDM) is used. Due to the frequency slice wavelet transform (FSWT) can extract any frequency domain signal,A FSWT-FDM decomposition method of blasting vibration signals coupled with FSWT and FDM is proposed. The sine cosine function is used to simulate the blasting vibration signal,which is verified the decomposition effect of the FSWTFDM method and compared with the FDM method. The results show that compared with the direct FDM decomposition of the signal,the invalid signal component of the FSWT-FDM method is greatly reduced,and the program operation efficiency is increased. The dominant frequency band signal extracted by FSWT can be further decomposed by FDM,and the generated signal components are consistent with the effective signal components directly decomposed by FDM. The reconstruction component is selected by the correlation coefficient and energy ratio of the signal component. The total energy,peak velocity and maximum error of the reconstructed signal prove that the FSWT-FDM method retains the original signal feature information effectively. By analyzing the blasting vibration signal of open-pit mine,it is verified that the FSWT-FDM method not only retains the time-frequency characteristics of the original signal,but also reduces the invalid signal components in signal decomposition,which provides a new idea for the decomposition of blasting vibration signal in open-pit mine.

Key words: open-pit blasting,blasting vibration signal,FDM,FSWT,advantage frequency band signal

中图分类号:

TD235

孙　冰　宋良灵　曾　晟　尹　裕, 　罗志业. 基于 FSWT-FDM 的露天矿爆破振动信号分解方法[J]. 金属矿山, 2025, 54(7): 106-113.

SUN Bing 　 SONG Liangling 　 ZENG Sheng 　 YIN Yu , 　 LUO Zhiye . Blasting Vibration Signal Decomposition Method for Open-pit Mine Based on FSWT-FDM [J]. Metal Mine, 2025, 54(7): 106-113.

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