玄武岩纤维增强混凝土力学性能及能量演化分析

金属矿山 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (10): 257-264.

玄武岩纤维增强混凝土力学性能及能量演化分析

周广宇¹　姚华彦^1,2　陆　华²　鲍　犇¹　张兴其³　杨　帆¹

1. 合肥工业大学土木与水利工程学院,安徽合肥 230009;2. 北方民族大学土木工程学院,宁夏银川 750021;
3. 合肥市市政设计研究总院有限公司,安徽合肥 230041

出版日期:2025-10-15 发布日期:2025-11-10
通讯作者: 姚华彦(1979—),男,副教授,博士,硕士研究生导师。
作者简介:周广宇(2001—),男,硕士研究生。
基金资助:
北方民族大学校级重点科研项目(编号:2023ZRLG16);安徽省自然科学基金项目(编号:23080850E194)。

Analysis of Mechanical Properties and Energy Evolution of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete

ZHOU Guangyu¹　YAO Huayan^1,2　LU Hua2　BAO Ben¹　ZHANG Xingqi³　YANG Fan¹

1. College of Civil Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230009,China;2. School of Civil Engineering,North University
for Nationalities,Yinchuan 750021,China;3. Hefei Municipal Design & Research Institute Co. ,Ltd. ,Hefei 230041,China

Online:2025-10-15 Published:2025-11-10

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究玄武岩纤维对混凝土力学性能增强的作用,基于混凝土立方体试块的单轴抗压强度试验,探
讨了不同玄武岩纤维掺量对混凝土单轴压缩破坏特征、抗压强度特性和抗压韧性的影响,并从能量角度分析了玄武
岩纤维在单轴受压破坏过程中的工作机理。结果表明:在混凝土中掺入玄武岩纤维可有效延缓裂缝的发展,减少试
件的损伤程度;随着玄武岩纤维体积比例的逐步增加,混凝土试件的单轴抗压强度呈现出初期增长随后下降的趋势,
对应的峰值位移呈现上升趋势,但增长幅度逐渐减小。掺入玄武岩纤维,能有效地提升试件的抗压韧性,随着掺入纤
维体积率的增加,混凝土的抗压韧性呈现不断上升趋势。玄武岩纤维混凝土试件单轴压缩破坏过程中的能量演化可
以分为4 个阶段:压实阶段,储能阶段,局部破坏阶段,弹性能加速释放阶段;玄武岩纤维掺入可显著降低弹性能的释
放率,增加混凝土的储能极限,表现为能量分界点增大,从而增强试件的抗变形能力。

关键词: 玄武岩纤维　混凝土　抗压强度　韧性　能量分析

Abstract: To investigate the enhancement mechanism of basalt fiber on the mechanical properties of concrete,this study
examined the effects of different basalt fiber volume fractions on the uniaxial compressive failure characteristics,strength properties,
and toughness of concrete through uniaxial compression tests on cubic specimens. The energy-based working mechanism
of basalt fiber during the failure process was also analyzed. Results indicated that the addition of basalt fiber effectively retarded
crack propagation and reduced damage degree of specimens. With increasing fiber volume fraction,the uniaxial compressive
strength of concrete first increased and then decreased,while the corresponding peak displacement showed an increasing trend
with gradually reduced growth rate. The compressive toughness of specimens was significantly improved by fiber reinforcement,
demonstrating a continuously ascending tendency with increasing fiber content. The energy evolution during uniaxial compression
failure of basalt fiber-reinforced concrete specimens could be divided into four distinct stages:compaction phase,energy
storage phase,localized damage phase,and accelerated elastic energy release phase. The incorporation of basalt fibers can significantly
reduce the release rate of elastic energy and increase the energy storage limit of the concrete,manifested as an increase
in the energy demarcation point,thereby enhancing the deformation capacity of the specimens.

Key words: basalt fiber,concrete,compressive strength,tenacity,energy analysis

中图分类号:

TU502

周广宇　姚华彦, 　陆　华　鲍　犇　张兴其　杨　帆. 玄武岩纤维增强混凝土力学性能及能量演化分析[J]. 金属矿山, 2025, 54(10): 257-264.

ZHOU Guangyu　YAO Huayan, 　LU Hua　BAO Ben　ZHANG Xingqi　YANG Fan. Analysis of Mechanical Properties and Energy Evolution of Basalt Fiber Reinforced Concrete[J]. Metal Mine, 2025, 54(10): 257-264.

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