低分子有机酸与机械活化对某钒钛磁铁尾矿中磷的协同活化机制与效应#br#

金属矿山 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (4): 254-260.

• 安全与环保 • 上一篇

低分子有机酸与机械活化对某钒钛磁铁尾矿中磷的协同活化机制与效应#br#

金浩楠¹　张新航¹　李富平^1,2,3,4　范利超⁵　艾艳君^1,2,3,4　谷海红^1,2,3,4

1. 华北理工大学矿业工程学院,河北唐山 063210;2. 河北省矿业开发与安全技术重点实验室,河北唐山 063210;
3. 唐山市资源与环境遥感重点实验室,河北唐山 063210;4. 河北省矿区生态修复产业技术研究院,河北唐山 063210;
5. 河北钢铁集团矿业有限公司承德黑山铁矿,河北承德 068161

出版日期:2026-04-15 发布日期:2026-05-11
通讯作者: 金浩楠(2000—),女,硕士研究生。
作者简介:艾艳君(1989—),女,讲师,博士,硕士研究生导师。
基金资助:
河北省中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(编号:246Z7610G,246Z4201G);河北省高等学校科学研究项目(编号:JJC2024047);华北理
工大学2026 在读研究生创新能力培养资助项目(编号:2026S01)。

Synergistic Activation Mechanism and Effects of Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids and Mechanical Activation on Phosphorus in Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite Tailings#br#

JIN Haonan¹　ZHANG Xinhang¹　LI Fuping^1,2,3,4　FAN Lichao⁵　AI Yanjun^1,2,3,4　GU Haihong^1,2,3,4

1. College of Mining Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,China;
2. Hebei Key Laboratory of Mining Development and Safety Technology,Tangshan 063210,China;
3. Tangshan Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Remote Sensing,Tangshan 063210,China;
4. Hebei Industrial Technology Research Institute of Mine Ecological Remediation,Tangshan 063210,China;
5. Chengde Heishan Iron Mine,Mining Company of HBIS Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Chengde 068161,China

Online:2026-04-15 Published:2026-05-11

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 承德钒钛磁铁尾矿总磷含量高但有效磷含量极低,严重制约其生态修复效率。为提高尾矿中磷的生物
有效性,本研究采用机械活化与低分子有机酸协同处理的方法。通过行星球磨机对尾矿进行不同时间(0~60 min)的
机械活化,并采用不同浓度(0. 1、0. 2 mol/ L)的草酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸和苹果酸进行浸提活化试验;进而以活化尾矿配
比(1∶9)和草酸浓度(0. 1 mol/ L)为变量进行紫花苜蓿盆栽验证。结果表明:机械活化显著改变了尾矿的理化性质,
活化40 min 后粒径最小、比表面积最大,颗粒形貌转变为多孔絮状结构,同时红外光谱显示PO₄^3- 与CO₃^2-基团发生转
化,结晶度下降;枸溶性磷含量随活化时间延长显著增加,60 min 时达2. 88 g/ kg,为原尾矿的4. 2 倍。低分子有机酸
可进一步促进磷活化,且与机械活化具有协同效应。在最佳协同条件下(活化40 min),0. 1 mol/ L 草酸的活化效果最
优,其次为0. 2 mol/ L 酒石酸、柠檬酸和苹果酸。盆栽试验证实,同时添加配比尾矿(1 ∶9)与0. 1 mol/ L 草酸的处理对
速效磷及有效磷形态(Ca₂-P、Ca₈-P)的提升效果最为显著。综上,机械活化与低分子有机酸耦合能显著提高钒钛磁铁
尾矿中磷的活性,为尾矿的资源化利用与植物修复提供了理论依据和技术参考。

关键词: 低分子有机酸　, 机械活化　, 磷素活化　, 有效磷　, 钒钛磁铁尾矿

Abstract: Vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings are characterized by high total phosphorus content but extremely low available
phosphorus content,which severely restricts their ecological remediation efficiency. To enhance the phosphorus bioavailability
in tailings,this study adopted a synergistic approach combining mechanical activation and lowmolecularweight organic
acids (LMWOAs). The tailings were mechanically activated for different durations (0~60 min) using a planetary ball
mill,followed by leaching activation tests with different concentrations (0. 1,0. 2 mol/ L) of oxalic,tartaric,citric,and malic
acids. A pot experiment with alfalfa was then conducted using two variables:the proportion of activated tailings (1∶9) and the
oxalic acid concentration (0. 1 mol/ L). The results showed that mechanical activation significantly altered the physicochemical
properties of the tailings. After 40 min of activation,the particle size was minimized,the specific surface area reached its maximum,
and the particle morphology transformed into a porous flocculent structure. Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy revealed
the conversion of PO₄^3- and CO₃^2-groups and a decrease in crystallinity. The citratesoluble phosphorus content increased significantly with prolonged activation time,reaching 2. 88 g/ kg after 60 min,which was 4. 2 times that of the original tailings.
LMWOAs further promoted phosphorus activation,showing a synergistic effect with mechanical activation. Under the optimal
synergistic condition (40 min activation),0. 1 mol/ L oxalic acid exhibited the best activation effect,followed by 0. 2 mol/ L
tartaric,citric,and malic acids. The pot experiment confirmed that the combined treatment with proportioned tailings (1∶9) and
0. 1 mol/ L oxalic acid achieved the most significant enhancement in available phosphorus and its effective forms (Ca2-P and
Ca8-P). In conclusion,the coupling of mechanical activation and LMWOAs can significantly improve the phosphorus activity in
vanadium-titanium magnetite tailings,providing a theoretical basis and technical reference for tailings resource utilization and
phytoremediation.

Key words: low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs),mechanical activation,phosphorus activation,available
phosphorus,vanadium-titanium magnetite tailing

中图分类号:

金浩楠　张新航　李富平, 　范利超　艾艳君, 　谷海红, . 低分子有机酸与机械活化对某钒钛磁铁尾矿中磷的协同活化机制与效应#br#[J]. 金属矿山, 2026, 55(4): 254-260.

JIN Haonan　ZHANG Xinhang　LI Fuping, 　FAN Lichao　AI Yanjun, 　GU Haihong, . Synergistic Activation Mechanism and Effects of Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids and Mechanical Activation on Phosphorus in Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite Tailings#br#[J]. Metal Mine, 2026, 55(4): 254-260.

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低分子有机酸与机械活化对某钒钛磁铁尾矿中磷的协同活化机制与效应#br#

Synergistic Activation Mechanism and Effects of Low-Molecular-Weight Organic Acids and Mechanical Activation on Phosphorus in Vanadium-Titanium Magnetite Tailings#br#

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