有机改性膨润土同步钝化锌铅镉复合污染土壤的双重机制

金属矿山 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (6): 271-280.

有机改性膨润土同步钝化锌铅镉复合污染土壤的双重机制

陶逸倩^1,2　韩雨岐^1,2　周籽言³　佟洪金^1,2　侯　江^1,2　孙永亮^1,2　龙　泉^1,2　黄　祥^1,2

(1.四川省生态环境科学研究院,四川成都 610041;2.四川省环境保护重金属污染防治重点实验室,四川成都 610041; 3.西华大学土木建筑与环境学院,四川成都 610039)

出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-07-16
通讯作者: 黄　祥(1988—),男,高级工程师,硕士。
作者简介:陶逸倩(1995—),女,工程师,硕士。
基金资助:
四川省生态环境厅科技计划项目(编号:2025HB03)。

Dual Mechanisms of Organo-Modified Bentonite for Simultaneous Passivation of Zinc,Lead, and Cadmium in Co-Contaminated Soil

TAO Yiqian^1,2　HAN Yuqi1^,2　ZHOU Ziyan³　TONG Hongjin^1,2　HOU Jiang^1,2　SUN Yongliang^1,2 LONG Quan^1,2　HUANG Xiang^1,2

1.Sichuan Academy of Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China; 2.Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Heavy Metal Pollution Control,Chengdu 610041,China; 3.School of Civil Engineering,Architecture and Environment,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China

Online:2026-07-15 Published:2026-07-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为高效修复矿区高浓度重金属复合污染土壤,本研究以多种有机物为改性剂,探究有机改性膨润土对 Cd、Pb、Zn复合污染土壤的同步钝化效果。通过初筛试验,筛选出十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)和四乙烯五胺(TEPA)作为优选改性剂。在最佳改性条件下,SDS改性膨润土使土壤中Cd、Pb、Zn有效态削减率从未改性膨润土的10.23%、 11.50%、12.80%分别提升至31.53%、41.64%、37.72%;TEPA改性膨润土则分别提升至21.62%、32.56%、37.35%。结合FTIR、XRD、SEM-EDS等表征手段发现,有机物成功负载于膨润土上,TEPA通过氨基的络合作用、SDS通过磺酸基团的静电吸引与离子交换增强了对重金属的固定。同时,有机物插层重构了膨润土的孔隙网络,形成了插层-剥离共存结构,增大了平均孔径,优化了传质路径。有机改性膨润土通过“孔隙结构优化-官能团结合”双重机制,显著提升了重金属复合污染土壤的修复效能。

关键词: 重金属复合污染　, 土壤修复　, 有机改性膨润土　, 同步钝化　, 改性机理

Abstract: To efficiently remediate combined heavy metal-contaminated soil with high concentrations in mining areas,this study explored the simultaneous passivation effects of organo-modified bentonite on Cd,Pb and Zn in composite contaminated soil using various organic modifiers.Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) were selected as opti mal modifiers through initial screening.Under optimal modification conditions,the reduction rates of available Cd,Pb and Zn in soil increased from 10.23%,11.50% and 12.80% for unmodified bentonite to 31.53%,41.64% and 37.72% for SDS-modi fied bentonite,and to 21.62%,32.56% and 37.35% for TEPA-modified bentonite,respectively.Characterization using FTIR, XRD and SEM-EDS confirmed successful loading of organic modifiers onto bentonite.TEPA enhanced heavy metal immobiliza tion through complexation by amino groups,while SDS facilitated immobilization via electrostatic attraction and ion exchange by sulfonic groups.Additionally,organic intercalation reconstructed the pore network of bentonite,forming an intercalation-exfoliat ion coexistent structure and increasing the average pore diameter,thereby optimizing mass transfer pathways.Organo-modified bentonite significantly improved the remediation efficiency of heavy metal composite contaminated soil through a dual mecha nism of "pore structure optimization combined with functional group binding".

Key words: combined heavy metal contamination,soil remediation,organo-modified bentonite,simultaneous passivation, modification mechanism

中图分类号:

陶逸倩, 韩雨岐, 周籽言, 佟洪金, 侯　江, 孙永亮, 龙　泉, 黄　祥. 有机改性膨润土同步钝化锌铅镉复合污染土壤的双重机制[J]. 金属矿山, 2026, 55(6): 271-280.

TAO Yiqian, HAN Yuqi, ZHOU Ziyan, TONG Hongjin, HOU Jiang, SUN Yongliang, LONG Quan, HUANG Xiang, . Dual Mechanisms of Organo-Modified Bentonite for Simultaneous Passivation of Zinc,Lead, and Cadmium in Co-Contaminated Soil[J]. Metal Mine, 2026, 55(6): 271-280.

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