Abstract: As a common geological disaster in our country，the cause of the collapse is complex，the distribution range is wide，the concealment and suddenness are strong，and the damage is great. Its early warning technology has been difficult to realize. Based on the research on the causal mechanism and early warning of rock collapse disasters，it is concluded that the quantitative identification and fuzzy evaluation of rock bridges，which are the main controlling factors of collapse disasters，is the key to the early warning and prevention of rock collapse disasters in the future. Natural vibration frequency and other dynamics scientific indicators have obvious application advantages in rock bridge damage analysis，rapid identification of dangerous rocks and early warning of collapse. Besides that，paying attention to the separation stage and its separation failure precursors is one of the effective methods to improve the early warning time of rock collapse，and the establishment of the early warning method of rock collapse disaster based on the identification of separation failure precursors and the establishment of the trinity monitoring and early warning index system can change the current situation of passive prevention of brittle failure disasters. Meanwhile，it is necessary to simultaneously develop domestic high-precision remote sensing vibration monitoring technology and equipment. This is an inevitable choice for core technology innovation and development of early warning of collapse disasters to meet the strategic needs of China's engineering safety construction. Five major technical bottlenecks in the current early monitoring and early warning research of collapse disasters are summarized and the specific countermeasures are proposed. Finally，it is concluded that systematic research on the monitoring and early warning system of brittle failure disasters and realization of related technological breakthroughs will have strong theoretical significance and application value both in engineering safety requirements of the Belt and Road Initiatives and in the early warning and prevention of national geological disasters.

Key words: rock collapse, early warning, rock bridge, brittle failure disaster, trinity monitoring index system