Abstract: Pyrite， as the most common metal sulfide tailings in the mining environment， is easily oxidized to form acid mine wastewater （AMD） in the supergenetic environment， which leads to a series of environmental pollution problems.Therefore， the study of pyrite surface oxidation mechanism and its kinetic influencing factors have always been a research hotspot in the field of environmental pollution control in mining areas.First of all， this paper summarizes the basic structure and physical and chemical properties of pyrite， points out that the pyrite surface oxidation mechanism and regularity study have important significance for reducing the acid mine drainage production in the first place， perfecting the defect in the application of pyrite photovoltaic material，effectively leaching associated precious metal from pyrite structure and improving the earth sulfur cycle.Then， the surface oxidation mechanism of pyrite was systematically reviewed from four aspects: the mechanism of forming AMD by pyrite oxidation， the biological oxidation mechanism of pyrite mediated by microorganisms， the electrochemical study of the surface oxidation mechanism of pyrite， and the transformation mechanism of sulfur elements in the surface oxidation process of pyrite. And then， the effects of humic acid， inorganic acid ions and common oxidants on pyrite chemistry， biology and surface electrochemical oxidation on pyrite surface oxidation kinetics were summarized respectively.Finally， it is pointed out that some in situ microscopic interface research methods could be used in the future to further strengthen the microscopic mechanism of the interaction between microorganisms and pyrite， explore the oxidation law of pyrite surface under multi-factor coupling action， and establish a model to predict the oxidation rate of pyrite under multi-factor coupling in natural environment.

Key words: pyrite, acid mine drainage, microorganism, electrochemistry, oxidation mechanism, influence factors