Abstract: As mining engineering proceeds to increasingly greater depths,higher rock temperatures and thermal stress pose a major challenge for the safe and efficient exploitation of deep resources. Mine ventilation and air conditioning gradually becomes the main energy consumption in deep mineral resources development,and concerns the mine production environment and costs,and sustainability of mining industry. The development evolution of mine ventilation and heat transfer theory and the research status of mine cooling technology are summarized. Besides,the characteristics of common cooling technology in mines are analyzed,and the future development direction of mine thermal environment control is forecasted. The study results show that:At present,the method of mechanical refrigeration and ventilation cooling is the main choice for mine heat hazard control, but it do not efficiently meet the cooling requirements of deep mines owing to high operational cost,difficult maintenance,low cooling efficiency,and low cooling capacity. To improve the effect of heat hazard control in deep mines,the new idea of “reducing source and opening flow” should be advocated,active cooling measures should be carried out during mine development,and multiple cooling methods should be implemented simultaneously. In addition,the cooling system combined with intelligent ventilation can control temperature more accurately and reduces the requirement of cooling capability. Circulation ventilation cooling technology can be adopted to improve the utilization rate of cooling capacity. High-performance cooling protective clothing should be developed and applied in special high-temperature working scenarios. The key to cooling the deep mine effectively and upgrading the energy structure is to transform the traditional technical thinking of heat hazard control into the conception of geothermal resource utilization in mines,and combine mine thermal environment control and geothermal resource exploitation.