Abstract: As the basic material for human survival and progress,mineral resources play an important role in supporting economic and social development. Currently,China attaches great importance to the security of strategic mineral resources. The development of intelligent and digital infrastructure is recognized as the key to build a green,safe,efficient and sustainable mining industry in the new international situation. This article clarifies the opportunities and challenges facing the development of China′s mineral resources industry in the new era. The intelligent mining system is explained from four aspects:essence,construction,goals and paths. A new green mining system is proposed from the perspectives of carbon reduction at the source,carbon reduction in the process,and carbon storage financially. Meanwhile,this article points out the path for China′s mineral resources industry to high-quality development and the key directions for technological breakthroughs by focusing on the mainstream processes and key technologies in the construction of intelligent and green mines.