Abstract: As the primary gold-bearing mineral in refractory gold ores,the oxidation efficiency and lattice destruction de gree of pyrite directly constrain the gold leaching rate.To clarify the phase transformation patterns and structural reconstruction mechanisms of pyrite in different wet oxidation systems,this paper systematically reviews the research progress in three major systems:pressure oxidation,bio-oxidation,and chemical oxidation.In the pressure oxidation system,pyrite is mainly converted to ferric sulfate under acidic conditions and subsequently hydrolyzed to hematite,while under alkaline conditions,it transforms via iron oxide intermediates to hematite.In the bio-oxidation system,pyrite is oxidized to soluble sulfates through direct,indi rect,or combined microbial actions.In the chemical oxidation system,pyrite is decomposed to ferric sulfate by strong oxidants under acidic conditions,whereas under alkaline conditions,iron hydroxide and goethite are the primary products,with sulfur be ing ultimately converted to sulfate through multi-step oxidation.Through a systematic summary of the oxidation mechanisms and phase transformation pathways in each system,the regulatory effects of key process parameters on the directional transformation of pyrite are clarified,and the formation mechanisms of passivation layers along with their inhibition strategies are revealed,pro viding a theoretical reference for the wet oxidation treatment of pyritic refractory gold ores.

Key words: pyrite,wet oxidation,mineral phase transformation and reconstruction,oxidation mechanism,research pro gress