Abstract: Layered slopes are widely distributed in mountainous regions of China and are highly susceptible to dynamic disturbances such as earthquakes,which can trigger landslides and pose serious threats to infrastructure and public safety. In order to investigate the dynamic response characteristics of layered rock slopes under earthquakes,a representative layered slope in Fujian Province was selected as the study site.Three-dimensional finite element models of a bedding rock slope and an anti-dip slope were established,and synthetic seismic waveforms obtained from the local seismic monitoring agency were ap plied to simulate ground shaking.By analyzing peak ground acceleration (PGA) and acceleration amplification coefficients at different spatial positions,the influence mechanisms of topography and rock mass structure on seismic amplification were sys tematically revealed.The results demonstrate that weak structural planes exert a significant influence on seismic wave propaga tion within the slope,leading to pronounced local acceleration amplification or attenuation and consequently affecting the overall dynamic response characteristics.The layered slope exhibits typical near-surface and elevation amplification effects,and the presence of weak structural planes induces noticeable nonlinear amplification behavior.Under identical conditions,the bedding rock slope shows a markedly stronger dynamic response than the anti-dip slope,with PGA values of 3.84 m/s2 and 3.20 m/s2, respectively.The amplification factor of the bedding rock slope is approximately 1.2 times that of the anti-dip slope.Further more,seismic wave propagation within both slopes displays strong spatial heterogeneity,which may lead to distinct instability mechanisms and failure patterns between bedding rock slopes and anti-dip slopes.