Abstract: In order to investigate the mechanical properties of deep rock under static uniaxial loading，uniaxial comprehension test are carried out on the 1346 electro-hydraulic and servo-controlled material testing machine produced by British INSTRON company.Mechanical experiments of marble collected at the depth of 900 m from Dongguashan copper mine is loaded by way of load displacement with the loading rate of 0.03 mm/s.The results show that deep rock in the complex mechanics environment with three "high" and one "disturbance" has a complicated internal structure，leading to the uniaxial compressive strength value appears discrete.The analysis on the complete stress-strain curves of marble indicated that it can be classified as compaction，elastic，plastic and failure stage.Dilatancy phenomenon appears before rock failure，that is to say，volume strain will immediately develop towards a positive or negative direction before failure.The ultimate failure mode of deep marble under uniaxial comprehensive condition is different with the shallow rock，and three failure modes appear，including shear failure with single inclined plane，"Y" type shear tension failure and "T" type shear tension failure.

Key words: Deep marble, Uniaxial compression, Deformational characteristic, Failure modes