Abstract: Microbiological leaching technology is one of the most promising technology in the development and utilization of valuable metal minerals in the mass stack of non-ferrous metal mine tailings in China， the dissolution of toxic metal elements， the full utilization of resources and the reduction of pollution. In order to systematically demonstrate the progress of microbiological leaching technology， the mechanism of microbiological leaching was introduced from the aspects of direct leaching， indirect leaching， galvanic effect and extracellular polymer（EPS） action； The key technology affecting the leaching effect were summarized from the leaching strains and external factors（including temperature， pH， redox potential and nutrients）； The role of tailings pretreatment， mutation breeding， and use of catalysts in enhancing the leaching effect was introduced. Finally， the development direction and prospect of microbiological leaching technology in the harmless and resource-oriented treatment of non-ferrous metal mine tailings were forecasted.

Key words: Microbiological leaching technology, Non-ferrous metal mine tailings, Heavy metals, Resource recycling