Abstract: Vanadium-titanium magnetite resources are strategic ores rich in multiple critical metals such as iron,vanadi um,and titanium.The vanadium-titanium magnetite in Panxi Baima Mining Area is characterized by complex intergrowth rela tionships and poor liberation,which constrain the quality improvement of iron concentrate.To investigate the underlying rea sons,this study focuses on the rough concentrate of vanadium-titanium magnetite from this mining area.Using process minera logical methods such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Mineral Liberation Analyzer (MLA),the mineral composi tion,element occurrence states,and liberation/association characteristics of iron-titanium minerals were systematically ana lyzed.The results show that the rough concentrate has TFe and TiO2 grades of 55.01% and 10.25%,respectively.Titanomag netite (content of 79.81%) is the primary valuable mineral,with a monomer liberation degree of 75.54%.The unliberated part is mainly associated with complex intergrowths of chlorite,ilmenite,serpentine,and spinel.Crucially,some titanomagnetite con tains fine ilmenite lamellae as internal solid solutions,forming composite mineral phases.The study confirms that the complex intergrowth between titanomagnetite and gangue minerals,along with its inherent "iron-titanium" composite structure,are the fundamental reasons for the difficulty in improving iron concentrate grade and the high titanium content.This research provides critical theoretical guidance for subsequent quality enhancement and impurity reduction through selective grinding.

Key words: vanadium-titanium magnetite,process mineralogical,mineral composition,liberation degree,intergrowth tex ture