氧化镁替代铵盐实现离子型稀土中钇的绿色高效沉淀回收

金属矿山 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (12): 139-144.

氧化镁替代铵盐实现离子型稀土中钇的绿色高效沉淀回收

龚　磊　贾文豪　周贺鹏　罗仙平　唐学昆

江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西赣州 341000

出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2025-12-31
通讯作者: 周贺鹏(1985—),男,教授,博士,博士研究生导师
作者简介:龚　磊(1997—),男,硕士研究生。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:52174250,U24A2096)。

Replacing Ammonium Salts with Magnesium Oxide for Green and Efficient Precipitation of Yttrium Recovery from Ion-Absorbed Rare Earth Ores

GONG Lei　JIA Wenhao　ZHOU Hepeng　LUO Xianping　TANG Xuekun

School of Resource and Environmental Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China

Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-12-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 离子型稀土矿是至关重要的战略资源,其当前主流的铵盐沉淀工艺面临严重的氨氮污染挑战。为实现绿色高效回收,研究以钇为代表元素,探究了氧化镁作为新型沉淀剂对稀土回收的影响及其作用机理。通过系统试验,确定了最佳工艺条件:氧化镁以浆液形式添加、用量比为2.4、反应温度90 ℃、反应时间4 h。在此条件下,可获得沉淀率高达98.57%、纯度达79.55%的优质氢氧化钇产品。XRD、SEM及TG-DTG表征结果表明:氧化镁沉淀所得产物为无定形氢氧化钇,其表面粗糙、颗粒不均;该沉淀物经900 ℃煅烧2 h后,成功转化为结晶良好、形貌规整均匀的高纯度Y2 O3 。研究证实,氧化镁沉淀剂能够从根本上消除氨氮污染,为离子型稀土矿的绿色提取与原地浸矿技术的升级提供了可靠的理论依据与技术支撑。

关键词: 离子型稀土矿　氧化镁　沉淀回收　钇　机理分析

Abstract: Ion-adsorption rare earth ore is a critical strategic resource,yet its dominant ammonium salt precipitation process causes serious ammonia-nitrogen pollution.To achieve green and efficient recovery,this study investigated the use of magnesium oxide as a novel precipitant for the recovery of yttrium,a representative rare earth element,and explored the under lying mechanism.Through systematic experiments,the optimal conditions were determined as follows:magnesium oxide added in slurry form with a dosage ratio of 2.4,a precipitation temperature of 90 ℃,and a reaction time of 4 h.Under these condi tions,a high-quality yttrium hydroxide product was obtained with a precipitation rate of 98.57% and a purity of 79.55%.Char acterization by XRD,SEM,and TG-DTG revealed that the precipitate was amorphous yttrium hydroxide with a rough surface and irregular particles.After calcination at 900 ℃ for 2 h,the precipitate transformed into well-crystallized,high-purity Y2 O3 with a smooth surface and uniform morphology.This research confirms that magnesium oxide as a precipitant can fundamentally eliminate ammonia-nitrogen pollution,providing a solid theoretical foundation and technical support for the green extraction of ion-adsorption rare earth ores and the advancement of in-situ leaching technology.

Key words: 　ion-adsorption rare earth ore,magnesium oxide,precipitation recovery,yttrium,mechanism analysis

中图分类号:

TF845

龚　磊　贾文豪　周贺鹏　罗仙平　唐学昆. 氧化镁替代铵盐实现离子型稀土中钇的绿色高效沉淀回收[J]. 金属矿山, 2025, 54(12): 139-144.

GONG Lei　JIA Wenhao　ZHOU Hepeng　LUO Xianping　TANG Xuekun. Replacing Ammonium Salts with Magnesium Oxide for Green and Efficient Precipitation of Yttrium Recovery from Ion-Absorbed Rare Earth Ores[J]. Metal Mine, 2025, 54(12): 139-144.

扫码分享