混合式筑坝尾矿库漫顶溃坝演化过程与灾变规律研究

金属矿山 ›› 2025, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (12): 208-215.

混合式筑坝尾矿库漫顶溃坝演化过程与灾变规律研究

刘明生^1,2　刘子茜¹　蓝　蓉¹　罗玉龙³　孙高月¹　杨松华¹　傅　灿¹

1.昆明有色冶金设计研究院股份公司,云南昆明 650051;2.昆明理工大学国土资源工程学院,云南昆明 650093; 3.河海大学水利水电学院,江苏南京 210024

出版日期:2025-12-15 发布日期:2025-12-31
通讯作者: 傅　灿(1983—),男,高级工程师,硕士。
作者简介:刘明生(1976—),男,正高级工程师,博士研究生。
基金资助:
“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(编号:2017YFC1502603);国家自然科学基金项目(编号:51679070);中铝国际2023年度重点研发项目(编号:RD23-002)。

Study on the Evolution Process and Catastrophic Law of Dam Overtopping Failure of Mixed Damming Tailings Pond

LIU Mingsheng^1,2　LIU Zixi¹　LAN Rong¹　LUO Yulong³　SUN Gaoyue¹　YANG Songhua¹　FU Can¹

1.Kunming Engineering & Research Institute of Nonferrous Metallurgy Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650051,China; 2.Faculty of Land Resources Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China; 3.College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 210024,China

Online:2025-12-15 Published:2025-12-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 尾矿库混合式筑坝工艺结合单一筑坝方法优势,可充分利用尾矿堆积,降低筑坝成本,适应复杂地形。为探究混合式筑坝尾矿库溃坝过程行为特征,以云南省某混合式筑坝尾矿库为依托,基于相似理论和自主发明的混合式筑坝方法建立三维溃坝试验模型,开展2次降雨强度为80 mm/h条件下的尾矿库溃坝模型试验,分析其溃坝过程、淹没进程和对下游影响等变化情况。研究表明:混合式筑坝尾矿库溃坝过程中溃口发展呈阶段性特征,2次试验最终溃口均位于左岸,下游淹没范围随时间不断增加并趋于稳定,符合尾矿库漫顶溃坝的实际情况,溃坝浆体会对各敏感点造成不同程度的灾害影响。研究结果初步揭示了混合式筑坝尾矿库漫顶溃坝演化过程,为尾矿库安全设计与灾害风险管理提供了参考价值,后续研究可通过对比试验进一步验证混合式筑坝的工程优势。

关键词: 尾矿库　漫顶溃坝　模型试验　混合式筑坝

Abstract: Combined with the advantages of a single dam building method,the mixed damming process of tailings pond can make full use of tailings accumulation,reduce the cost of dam construction,and adapt to complex terrain. In order to ex plore the behavior characteristics of the dam failure process of a mixed damming tailings pond,this paper established a three dimensional dam failure test model based on a mixed dam tailings pond in Yunnan Province based on the similarity theory and the self-invented hybrid dam construction method.Two dam failure model tests of the tailings pond under the condition of rain fall intensity of 80 mm/h were carried out.The changes of the dam failure process,inundation process and downstream impact were analyzed.The results showed that the development of the breach in the process of the tailings pond failure of mixed dam construction showed the characteristics of stages.The final breach of the two tests was located on the left bank.The downstream inundation range increased and tended to be stable with time,which was in line with the actual situation of the dam overtopping failure of the tailings pond.And the dam failure slurry caused different degrees of disaster impact on each sensitive point.The results of this study preliminarily revealed the evolution process of the dam overtopping failure of the mixed damming tailings pond,which provided reference value for the safety design and disaster risk management of tailings pond.The subsequent re search can further verify the engineering advantages of mixed damming through comparative tests.

Key words: tailings pond,dam overtopping failure,model test,mixed damming

中图分类号:

TD77+1

刘明生, 　刘子茜　蓝　蓉　罗玉龙　孙高月　杨松华　傅　灿. 混合式筑坝尾矿库漫顶溃坝演化过程与灾变规律研究[J]. 金属矿山, 2025, 54(12): 208-215.

LIU Mingsheng, 　LIU Zixi　LAN Rong　LUO Yulong　SUN Gaoyue　YANG Songhua　FU Can. Study on the Evolution Process and Catastrophic Law of Dam Overtopping Failure of Mixed Damming Tailings Pond[J]. Metal Mine, 2025, 54(12): 208-215.

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