PEM 电解技术对矿山酸性废水中( 类) 金属的处理效果

金属矿山 ›› 2026, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (3): 226-238.

PEM 电解技术对矿山酸性废水中( 类) 金属的处理效果

李丹霓¹　毛启明²　魏建宏³　郭　靖¹　卜心愿¹　张彦勰⁴　罗　琳¹

1. 湖南农业大学环境与生态学院,湖南长沙 410128;2. 中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院,湖南长沙 410083;
3. 湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,湖南长沙 410128;4. 吉首大学生物资源与环境科学学院,湖南吉首 416000

出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-04-01
通讯作者: 罗　琳(1969—),男,教授,博士,博士研究生导师。
作者简介:李丹霓(1999—),女,硕士研究生。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:42077380,U20A2080);湖南省自然科学基金项目(编号:2024JJ6524);湖南省重点研发计划项目(编号:
2024AQ2006);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(编号:QL20230170)。

Treatment Effect of PEM Electrolysis Technology on Metal(loid)s in Acid Mine Drainage

LI Danni¹　MAO Qiming²　WEI Jianhong³　GUO Jing¹　BU Xinyuan¹　ZHANG Yanxie⁴　LUO Lin¹

1. College of Environment and Ecology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;
2. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China;
3. College of Biological Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;
4. College of Biology and Environmental Sciences,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,China

Online:2026-03-15 Published:2026-04-01

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采矿活动产生的矿山酸性废水(AMD)呈强酸性,含有高浓度的Fe²⁺ ,并伴有(类)金属污染。为实现
AMD 的高效处理,本研究建立了质子交换膜(PEM)电解系统。系统在最优条件下(铱钛网阳极,铂片阴极,15 g/ L
SO^2-
4 ,60 mA)将pH 为2. 5~4. 5,Fe²⁺浓度为200~800 mg/ L,含50 mg/ L Fe³⁺(Mn²⁺ 、Cr³⁺ 、Cu²⁺ 、Zn²⁺或As⁵⁺ )的AMD 中
(类)金属浓度在290 min 内降至符合饮用水标准。其除Fe 效率与初始pH(2. 5~4. 5)正相关,与初始Fe²⁺浓度(200~
800 mg/ L)负相关。50 mg/ L Fe³⁺ 、Cu²⁺和Zn²⁺对其除Fe²⁺起抑制作用,Mn²⁺和Cr³⁺起促进作用,As⁵⁺无影响。产物表征
证明,AMD 中Fe²⁺初期部分被溶解氧氧化为(氢)氧化铁,部分水解为(氢)氧化亚铁,末期溶解再结晶为Fe₃O₄;Fe³⁺ 、
Mn²⁺ 、Cr³⁺ 、Cu²⁺和Zn²⁺与Fe²⁺共沉淀为金属氧化物;As⁵⁺被铁矿物吸附。

Abstract: Acid Mine Drainage (AMD) generated from mining activities is strongly acidic,containing high concentrations
of Fe²⁺ along with metal(loid) pollutants. To efficiently treat AMD,a proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis system
was developed. Under the optimal process parameters (iridium titanium mesh anode,platinum plate cathode,15 g/ L SO^2-
4 ,60mA),this system reduced the metal(loid) concentrations in AMD with a pH of 2. 5~3. 5,an initial Fe²⁺ concentration of 200
~800 mg/ L,and containing 50 mg/ L of Fe³⁺ ,Mn²⁺ ,Cr³⁺ ,Cu²⁺ ,Zn²⁺ or As⁵⁺ to meet the drinking water standards within 290
min. The removal efficiency of Fe in AMD by PEM electrolysis technology was positively correlated with the initial pH (2. 5~
4. 5) and negatively correlated with the initial Fe²⁺ concentration (200 ~ 800 mg/ L). 50 mg/ L of Fe³⁺ ,Cu²⁺ ,and Zn²⁺ in
wastewater inhibited the removal of Fe,while Mn²⁺ and Cr³⁺ promoted it. As⁵⁺ showed no significant effect. Products characterization
showed that during the initial stage,part of the Fe²⁺ in the wastewater was oxidized by dissolved oxygen to (hydro) ferric
oxide,while another portion hydrolyzed to form (hydrogen) ferrous hydroxide. In the final stage,these intermediates dissolved
and recrystallized into Fe₃O₄;Fe³⁺ ,Mn²⁺ ,Cr³⁺ ,Cu²⁺ and Zn²⁺ co-precipitated with Fe²⁺ as mixed metal oxides;As⁵⁺ was
adsorbed onto the iron minerals formed.

中图分类号:

X751

李丹霓, 毛启明, 魏建宏, 郭　靖, 卜心愿, 张彦勰, 罗　琳. PEM 电解技术对矿山酸性废水中( 类) 金属的处理效果[J]. 金属矿山, 2026, 55(3): 226-238.

LI Danni, MAO Qiming, WEI Jianhong, GUO Jing, BU Xinyuan, ZHANG Yanxie, LUO Lin. Treatment Effect of PEM Electrolysis Technology on Metal(loid)s in Acid Mine Drainage[J]. Metal Mine, 2026, 55(3): 226-238.

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