关键词: 磁团聚　, 解聚机理　, 精选设备　, 复合力场　, 铁精矿

Abstract: Magnetic separation is the primary process for separating magnetic minerals and non-magnetic minerals.How ever,the ubiquitous magnetic agglomeration during magnetic separation severely restricts the improvement of iron concentrate quality.To present better the research progress on the formation and disintegration mechanisms of magnetic agglomeration and the corresponding cleaning equipment,this paper summarizes the development of magnetic interaction models construction from dual-particle to particle-group systems,analyzes the regulation methods for achieving magnetic agglomeration disintegration through magnetic field optimization and the application of external competitive forces,and introduces typical cleaning equip ment developed on this basis,such as multi-pole magnetic separators,magnetic agglomeration separators,and magnetic separa tion columns.The results show that the dual-particle magnetic interaction model,based on magnetic charge hypothesis and mag netic dipole theory,reveals the relationship between interparticle forces and factors such as particle size and magnetic field.The particle-group magnetic interaction model further elucidates the chain formation time,agglomeration structure,and evolution laws.By adjusting the direction and strength of the magnetic field and introducing a compound force field,the magnetic agglom eration structure can be effectively disrupted.Industrial practice confirms that cleaning equipment with optimized magnetic sys tems and compound force fields can significantly improve iron concentrate grade,reduce impurity content.Future research should break through the limitations of current simplified models and establish mathematical models based on real slurry char acteristic and complex multi-force-field systems.Moreover,it should explore multi-physical field synergies and intelligent con trol technologies to develop cleaning equipment with strong adaptability,low energy consumption,and stable separation perform ance,thereby enabling efficient separation of complex iron ore resources.

Key words: magnetic agglomeration,disintegration mechanism,cleaning equipment,compound force field,iron concen trate