Abstract: To determine the deformation mechanical mechanism of roadways in high-stress soft rock at depth in Hegang Nanshan Mine and the roadway support measures, study was made on the mineralogical characteristics of the rock by X-ray diffraction, X-ray energy spectrum analysis and scanning electronic microscope. The results indicate that the rock has developed fissures and contains mainly quartz, feldspar and clay minerals. The feldspatite has leaching alteration phenomenon. The clay is mainly composed of illite /smectite interstratified layer that mainly contains smectite. The monocrystals in the mixed layer are mainly in filamentous, lath-like, feathery and wavelike sheet shapes, and the crystal aggregates are honeycomb-like, network-like, granular, flexuous and hair-shaped. The clay minerals occur in inter-granular pores mainly in bridge, scattered and film-like shapes.

Key words: High stress soft rock, Illite /smectite interstratified layer, Mineralogical characteristics