Abstract: Dongguashan copper mine is a large (with the capacity of 3 millions t/a) kilometers deep heat harm mine. In this study，the natural cold source of low temperature surrounding rocks around the mine upper goaf and old roadway is used to realize the natural cooling of the inlet air flow by ground temperature at the mine deep area. When the cooling air volume reached to 200 m3/s，the inlet air temperature is decreased by 2 to 3 ℃. And compared with the air pre-cooling by the air conditioning cooling technology，it not only reduces the costs at refrigeration equipment investment，operation management，technical risks etc，but also makes full use of the existing ventilation engineering and geothermal resources to realize the mine energy saving and environmental protection in production.

Key words: Kilometer-deep metal mine, Goaf and waste roadway, Pre-cooling airflow, Natural cool source, Natural cooling by ground temperature